高中英语阅读长句难句理解

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上Ⅰ．下面的句子摘自全国各地高考英语试题的阅读理解部分准确理解它们，对做好后面相应的试题至关重要请在下面横线上填上合适的内容，并注意领会理解长难句的思路和方法1. Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir (回忆录) of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education. (全国卷ⅠD篇)我们来分析句子的结构：这是一个复合句首先找出句子的主干：Anyone will be interested in the memoirAnyone是主语，谓语是_______________，memoir是____语Anyone后面是一个由who引导的______从句，用来限定Anyone所指的范围在这个从句中，又包含两个由and连接并分别由what和how 引导的______从句，表示cares about的内容。

逗号后面的部分是由who引导的______从句，修饰Ralph W. Tyler，是对他所做的补充说明以上分析可以帮助我们很容易地找到下面第68题的答案68. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler's memoir?A. Top managers.B. Language learners.C. Serious educators.D. Science organizations.2. An evaluation earlier this year reported that children on the scheme made 20 months' progress in just one year, whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months' progress, and so ended the year even further below the level expected for their age. (山东卷B篇)分析句子结构：这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。

其中宾语从句又是一个由_______连接的并列句第一个并列分句的主干___________________________________，第二个分句的主干是weak readers made five months' progress and ended the year能否正确地理解这句话，直接影响到下面第62题的解答62. What do we know about Reading Recovery?A. An evaluation of it will be made sometime this year.B. Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking.C. It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading.D. Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading.3. In a victory of green business that is certain to appeal to environmentally-aware music-lovers, a design student is to receive financial support to produce eco-friendly tents made of cardboard that can be recycled after the bands and the crowds have gone home. (上海卷D篇)这个句子的主干是：a design student is to receive financial support。

逗号前面的部分是由In引导的介词短语，在句中做___语其中的green business又带有一个由that引导的______从句made of cardboard that can be recycled after the bands and the crowds have gone home是过去分词短语做tents的___语其中cardboard又带有一个由that引导的定语从句在这个定语从句中，还包含一个由after引导的状语从句理清句子的结构，对于解决下面第76题很有帮助76. "Eco-friendly tents" in paragraph 1 refers to tents ________.A. economically desirableB. favorable to the environmentC. for holding music performanceD. designed for disaster reliefⅡ．阅读下面的句子，找出句子的主干（即整个长句的主语、谓语和宾语），分析句子的结构，同时注意思考以下问题：①如何在长句中迅速找到句子的主干部分？②在复合句中哪类词能帮助我们迅速确定各种从句？③怎样判断长句中的某个部分是句子的次要信息？例：The three friends, Elliot the cucumber, Sedgewick the gourd and George the grape, work as waiters at a dinner theater, a restaurant that presents a play during dinner. (Vegetable heroes, Para. 3, P4)句子主干：主语：friends 谓语：work结构分析：复合句。

three是数词做定语，修饰friends；Elliot the cucumber, Sedgewick the gourd (葫芦) and George the grape做friends的同位语；as waiters和at a dinner theater是介词短语做状语，修饰work；dinner theater后面的部分是同位语，用来对dinner theater进行解释，其中that…dinner是定语从句，修饰restaurantEx. 1. It was later revealed（揭露） that the British press（出版社） had known about it since the beginning but had made an agreement with the Royal (皇家的) family not to report on it. (Media's bad boy, Para. 1, P2)句子主干：__________________________________________________________2. As a result, I, the once thinnest girl in my class, gained some weight that my parents and friends at home were surprised at. (Learning from what you eat, Para. 3, P3)句子主干：__________________________________________________________3. Working alone since the age of 40, he introduced the Gaia hypothesis (盖娅假说), a theory that the Earth is a self-regulating super-organism (自我调整的超级有机体). (Earth is in trouble, Para. 4, P6)句子主干：______________________________________________________________Ⅲ一个句子无论有多长，都包含一个中心意思。

找出句子的中心意思，可以帮助我们更好地理解句中的细节信息那么怎样确定句子的中心意思呢？首先，将细节信息与中心意思分离细节信息往往告诉我们事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、目的以及列举、举例等其次，找出句子与哪个人或物有关最后，找出这个人做了什么事情，或者这个人或物发生了什么事情例如：While watching TV or movies, Cao Yi, 15, from Chongqing, often feels envious (羡慕的) of those roles that have an elder brother. (Lonely generation, Para. 1, P2)首先除去细节信息：When: While watching TV or movie How old: 15 Where: from ChongqingWhich: that have an elder brother Who: Cao YiWhat did he do? Feels envious of those roles.所以这个句子的中心意思是： Cao Yi feels envious of those roles.Ex.1 As a result of the one-child policy, which has lasted thirty years, many teenagers today in cities feel lonely because they are an only child. (Lonely generation, Para. 2, P2)句子主干：__________________2 As the Beijing Olympics approach, 15-year-old Luo Jie presented four original songs on March 6 to the Beijing Organizing Committee for the 29th Olympic Games, which is soliciting Olympic music works. (Singing for gold, Para. 1, P3)句子主干：__________________3 However, Luo gradually fell in love with the man, who died 70 years ago, after she found plenty of life stories on the Internet. (Singing for gold, Para. 4, P3)句子主干：__________________4 Since students might not know everybody in the group, we shared our favorite food and played games to get to know one another better.(Having fun on a cold camping trip, Para. 2, P3)句子主干：__________________如何理解长难句分清主次信息＊位于逗号之间或其后面的部分通常是句子的次要信息＊位于破折号之间或其后面的部分通常是句子的次要信息＊位于括号内的部分通常是句子的次要信息找出句子主干＊寻找句子所描述的主体＊弄清句子主体发生了什么事情理清逻辑关系＊在复合句中，寻找从句的引导词＊确定从句在主句中的作用＊依照前面所讲的步骤，进一步分析从句内的句子结构专心---专注---专业。