高三英语冠词复习.ppt

高考英语语法一轮复习 冠词(article),冠词分类: 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词 的前面，帮助指明名词的含义英语中的冠词有三种：不定 冠词a(n),定冠词the,零冠词 冠词的用法：,单数名词,泛指单一，每一，任一事物 类指,上文提到过的人或事物 说话双方默认的人或事物 世界上独一无二的事物 类指 被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事,,,,,a(n),the,特指,,复数名词 不可数名词,the 特指上文提到过的人或事物 说话双方默认的人或事物 被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事,,,零冠词泛指的人或事物 类指,,不定冠词的用法： a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前 1) 表示“一个”，意为one；或表every (重量，时间，长度等 单位). I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. I earned 10 dollars an hour.(=every hour). at a speed of eighty miles an hour 2) 代表一类人或物,侧重于类别中任何一个的特点 A knife is a tool for cutting with.,3). 当第一次提到某人或某物，且并非特指时，用不定冠词a或an起介绍作用 She is working in a factory.,4.用于人名前，表示“一位名叫的人/ 人的作品”或表示与某人有类似性质的人或事物 ( a certain) A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you went out. The painting is expected to be a picasso. He wishes to become a Newton.,5表示乐器,世界上独一无二的事物的名词前一般用定冠词the, 但前面如果出现定语修饰，也可能用不定冠词a, an。

He starts his day by playing the violin.He is playing a borrowed violin.the world, a peaceful world,表示一日三餐的名词前面一般不用冠词，但前面如果有了定语修饰， 也可能用不定冠词a, anHave you had supper?We had a wonderful supper.,,6.放在抽象名词前，用来表示具体的一个人或一件事,a success/ pleasure/ failure/ concern There was a heavy rain yesterday.,7. 在形容词最高级前表示“非常”是需要不定冠词,Unit Nine is a most difficult unit, but it isnt the most difficult unit in Book One.,8.表示 the same意思 They are of an age (= of the same age).,9.在序数词前表示“又一，再一” This is the second time(表排序) Ive been here. I want to be here a third time(不表排序).,词组或成语。

once in a while/for a while / have a gift for/ have a word with / have a swim/ keep a diary / a great many / many a / in a short while / all of a sudden / at a distance / make a difference,keep an eye on / do sb a favor/at a distance/once upon a time/have a knowledge of/ have an understanding of / a matter of / have a population of / a collection of ,注意： weather, fun, space (宇宙uc.，场所，用地，区域 c.), advice, word(news), progress, information, furniture, equipment,nature,man(人类),luggage/buggage 永远不与不定冠词连用,不定冠词位置,不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。

what/such/half/quite/rather/many + a(n) + 单数名词,I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job. He will be back in half an hour. What a good day! quite / rather a difficult problem,2. as, so, too, how, however + adj.+ a(n) + 单数名词 It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. So short a time. Too long a distance. However clever a student is, he should follow the teachers instructions now.,3. 在as，though 引导的让步状语从句中，当表语为单数名词时，并将其倒装时，其前不用冠词；否则用冠词：,Brave man though / as he is，he trembles at the sight of snakes. Though/ Although she is a young girl,1.Five years ago her brother was _____university student of _____physics. (1990上海). a; the B. an; the C. an; / D. a; / 2. Have you seen ______pen? I left it here this morning. Is it ______black one? I think I saw it somewhere. (1997全国)A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 3. Where is my blue shirt? Its in the washing machine. You have to wear ______different one. (2003春)A. any B. the C. a D. other 4. The Wilsons live in _____A-shaped house near the coast. It is _____17th century cottage. (2004浙江) A. the , / B. an, the C. /, the D. an, a 5. There was _____time _____I hated to go to school. (2004湖北)A. a, that B. a, when C. the, that D. the, when,6. In ______ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of ______heart disease by 76%. (2006湖南) a; the B. the; a C. a; 不填D. 不填; a 7. I earn 10 dollars ______hour as ______ supermarket cashier on Saturdays. (2003上海)A. a ; an B. the ; a C. an; a D. an; the 8. For a long time they walked without saying _____word. Jim was the first to break _____silence. (2004湖南)A. the; a B. a; the C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填 9. Mrs. Tailor has _____ 8-year-old daughter who has _____gift for painting she has won two national prizes. (2005浙江)A. a, a B. an, the C. an, a D. the, a 10. When he left _____college, he got a job as _____reporter in a newspaper office. (2004天津) A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. a ; the D. the ; the,定冠词的用法,某个或某些特定的人或东西。

1. 特指双方都明白的人或物：,Take the medicine. Close the window, please.,2. 上文提到过的人或事：,He bought a house.Ive been to the house.,3. 指世上独一物二的事物：,the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth 除nature, space, man,4. 单数名词连用表示一类人或事物，表示整个类别，区别与其他类别用于在发明物的单数名词前，既表示特指又表示类别,the tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.( a tiger 不能用),Bell invented the telephone in 1976.,5. 与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人或物： the rich ；the wounded；the unexpected (are),6. 用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only， very， same, whole 等前面：,Where do you live? I live on the second floor. Thats the very thing Ive been looking for.,7. 与复数名词或集体名词连用，指整个群体：,They are the teachers of this school.（指全体教师) They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师) 8. 相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前,动词(hit, pat, strike, catch, seize, take) + sb.+ prep. +the +身体某一部位,She caught me by the arm. Somebody patted him on the shoulder 。

hit him on the head / in the face,,,9. 用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、党派，方位，方向等专有名词前：,the Peoples Republic of China/the United States/the left/the great wall /the summer palace/the WTO/ the 2008 Olympic games 不含普通名词的纯专有名词不用冠词，如Beijing, New York.,10. 用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前，表课程不用the,She plays the piano. Her job is teaching piano.,中国乐器不用冠词 play Erhu, play music,11. 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：,the Greens格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) the Chens姓陈一家,,,,12. 用在年代，朝代及逢十的复数名词前，表示“世纪的某个年代”,He began to learn Russian in the 1950s / 1950s. in ones 50sthe Tang Dynasy the Spring and Autumn Period,13. 用于江河，湖海，山川，海峡，运河，海湾，群岛,建筑物等的名词前,the Changjiang River the Rochy Mountain the Taiwan Straits the Philippines The West Lake,14. 用于比较级的句型中,,The more we think of our life, the happier we feel. 越就越 Which is the larger country, Canada or America? Lily is the taller of the two girls. 两者中比较,16. 在有些关于国家和民族的形容词（以-sh, -ch, -ese 结尾）前加上定冠词，泛指这个国家和民族的全体人员,the Chinese are hard-working while the French are romantic,17. 表示计量单位的名词前用the,如果表示单位的名词为不可数名词，不用冠词( by weight/ height) I rented the house by the month. You can hire the car by the hour. Eggs are told by the dozen.,,用在惯用语中： in the dark,in the distance, on the whole, by the way, the other day, for the time being 暂时 in the way 挡道 make the most of; not in the least ( not at all); On the other hand; by the way; on the spot; Go to the doctors; on the phone / radio,定冠词位置 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all， both，such, double，what, quite, half，twice，three times， exactly, just, 等词之后，名词之前。

exactly the same coat just the right book half the novel all the people double the amount,1. _____on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _____major concern of the country. (2004北京)A. The; 不填 B. The; a C. An; the D. An; 不填,2. On ______ news today, there were ______ reports of heavy snow in that area. (2004春)A. the; the B. the；不填 C.不填；不填 D. 不填；the,3. If you grow up in _____ large family, you are more likely to develop _____ ability to get on well with ______ others. (2005江西)A. /; an; the B. a; the; / C. the; an; the D. a; the; the,4. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was ____. (1995上海) A. good B. the best C. better D. the better,5. Summer in _____south of France is for ______most part dry and sunny. (2000京春) A. /, a B. the, / C. /, / D. the, the,6. We stood at the top of the mountain _____east of the city, watching _____burning sun rising. A. 不填；a B. the; a C. the; the D. 不填；the,7. Alice is fond of playing ______piano while Henry is interested in listening to ______music. (1989全国)A. (不填);the B. (不填); (不填) C. the; (不填) D. the; the,8. It is not rare in _____that people in ____fifties are going to university for further education. (1999上海) A. 90s; theB. the 90s; / C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their,9. As a rule, the workers are paid ______.(2004上海春)A. by the hour B. by hour C. by an hour D. by hours,10.A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in ____ leg. (2001上海)A. a B. one C. the D. his,11. It is believed that _____ you work, _____result youll get. (1993上海)A. the harder; the better B. the more hard; the most betterC. the harder; a better D. more hard; more better,零冠词的用法,1 不含普通名词的专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名，地名等名词钱前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary，Tiananmen Square,2泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；侧重类别中的许多个体,Farmers are busy in autumn.,3不可数名词（抽象名词,物质名词）表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；,Failure is the mother of success.,Man cannot live without water. ask for advice Paper money is in use in China.,4在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；,We go to school from Monday to Friday.,5职务或头衔的名词（表语，同位语，宾补）,The guards took the American to General Lee. He is president of our college. People elected him president. Tom, president of our college, is visiting our class. The president is visiting out class.,6在三餐、球类,棋类，学科前，不加冠词 如：have breakfast，play chess, play music, teach maths the English language; in the spring of the year 2010,7当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus，by train；by air, by sea 但如果名词的前面出现了修饰语，前面需加冠词a/an in a black car.,8. turn用作系动词时，后面作表语的单数名词前不用冠词。

He turned writer many years later. (=He became a writer many years later.),9不用冠词的序数词； a. 序数词前有物主代词 his second brotherb. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race. c. 在固定词组中 at first, first of all, from first to last,10. 可数名词前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等限制时， 不加冠词称呼前不加冠词 Einsteins theory; no such thing What shall I do next, Mother?,10. 两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西 He raises a black and a white cat. 他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫 The black and the white cats are hers. 这只黑猫和白猫都是他的如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一物 He raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。

11.在独立主格结构的某一形式中“单数名词+介词短语”中，名词前不用冠词 The teacher came in, book in hand. The little girl is very happy, flower on head. The old man sat on the chair, pipe in mouth.,at table / at the table by sea / by the sea in hospital / in the hospital on earth / on the earth go to school / church go to the school / the church in front of / in the front of out of question / out of the question two of us / the two of us go to sea / go to the sea in future / in the future,进餐在桌子旁 乘船在海边 住院在医院里 究竟在地球上 上学；做礼拜 到学校，教堂去 在（外部的）前面 在（内部的）前面 毫无疑问，一定不可能 我们当中的两人我们共二人 当水手去海边 从今以后未来,固定短语： on second thought(s)重新考虑后 ;under repair come to power; on board in use/danger / peace/ debt in place of; ahead of time at war on board hand in hand every few days out of order / date / reach/work/ breath come /rank first at noon/ midnight/ night catch fire/ sight of from door to door father and son; husband and wife; knife and fork; sun and moon,1.Mr. Smith, theres a man at_____ front door who says he has _____ news for you of great importance. (2001京春) A. the, 不填 B. the, the C. 不填, 不填 D. 不填, the,2.I dont like talking on ______telephone; I prefer writing ______letters. (2002春)A. a; the B. the;不填 C.the; the D. a; 不填,3.It is often said that _____teachers have _____very easy life. (2005北京)A.不填；不填 B不填；a C. the; 不填D. the; a,4. _____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. (2005重庆) A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student,5. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made ______discovery which completely changed ______ mans understanding of color. (2004广东) A. a不填 B. athe C. 不填the D. thea,6.She is _____ newcomer to _____chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries. (1994全国) A. the; the B. the; 不填 C. a; 不填 D. a; the,7. The cakes are delicious. Hed like to have _____third one because ___ second one is rather too small. (2002上海春) A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a,8. Where is Jack? I think he is still in_____ bed, but he might just be in _____ bathroom. (1992全国) A. 不填；不填 B. the；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；the,9.When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _____hotel; I can find you _____bed in my flat. (2004全国) A. the; a B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. a; 不填,10.The most important thing about cotton in history is _____part that it played in _____Industrial Revolution. (2004重庆) A. 不填；不填 B. the；不填 C. the; the D. a; the,11.In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck by _____beauty of _____nature that he stayed for another night. (1991上海)A. /, / B. /, the C. the, / D. the, the,12. I cant remember when exactly the Rohinsons left _____city. I only remember it was_____ Monday. (2005湖南)A. the, the B. a, the C. a, a D. the, a,13.It is _____world of wonders, _____world where anything can happen. (2004福建) A. a, the B. a, a C. the, a D. /, /,14.When you finish reading this book, you will have _____better understanding of _____life.(2004辽宁) A. a, the B. the, a C. /, the D. a, /,15.Paper money was in _____use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in____ thirteenth century. (1999全国) A. the; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填,16.Wouldnt it be_____ wonderful world if all nations lived in _____ peace with one another? (1994全国) A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. the; the,17.Everywhere man has cut down _____ forests in order to grow crops, or to use_____ wood as fuel or as building material. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /;/ 18.---Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please? --- Sorry, we dont have ____ Johnson here in village. A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /,19.I wanted to catch ____ early train, but couldnt get ___ ride to the station. A. an; the B. /; the C. an; / D. the; a,20. __ walk is expected to last all day, so bring ___ packed lunch. A. a; a B. The; / C. The; a D. A; /,。