Unit 11 The Media Period Two Lesson 2 and Lesson 3 课时精练(北师大版必修4,广东专用)

Unit 11 The Media Period Two Lesson 2 and Lesson 3 课时精练（北师大版必修4，广东专用）　　　时间：30分钟Ⅰ.语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空As settlers moved to California__1__the mid­nineteenth century，they became concerned about the lack of rapid__2__(communicate)with the eastern United States.Because of the dangers and hardships of__3__(cross) the West，mail often did not arrive.Therefore the most important mails __4__(send)via Panama，__5__took a month or more.In 1860 a stagecoach company decided to meet the problem by beginning the Pony Express.The company hired__6__bravest riders and bought the fastest horses__7__(use)as relay(替换)teams between Missouri and California，and the company promised__8__mails would be sent in ten days.The company established two hundred stations along the route at which riders could rest and change horses.In less than two years，__9__，telegraph lines were completed and the Pony Express was__10__longer needed.1．in　[考查短语in the mid­nineteenth century，在19世纪中期，其中的定冠词不能省。

]2．communication　[communicate是动词，而rapid是形容词，作定语修饰名词，所以应填communicate的名词形式communication]3．crossing　[of是介词，其后应该用v.­ing形式]4．were sent　[根据句意“最重要的邮件都是经由巴拿马被邮寄到加利福尼亚”可知mail和send之间是被动关系，用被动形式并且主语是mails，为复数形式，又根据后面定语从句中谓语动词“took”是过去时，所以该空应填were sent]5．which　[“这要花费一个月或更多的时间”，句中“这”指的是经由巴拿马邮寄邮件这件事，所以，这是一个非限制性定语从句，故用which引导]6．the　[考查“the＋形容词最高级”的用法，意为最勇敢的骑士]7．to be used　[从“买最快的马用来接力传递邮件”可知horses与use之间存在被动关系，所以填to be used，此不定式作目的状语]8．that　[promise后缺宾语，而空后面是完整的宾语从句，所以所填词必须能引导宾语从句而又不作句中成分，又没有“是否”之意，所以用that]9．however　[“然而，在不到两年的时间里，电报线路已经被完成”。

根据这一句意和空格后的逗号可判断需要的是however这个词]10．no　[考查no longer“不再”这一短语]Ⅱ.阅读理解AA vertical farm is a concept farm which is planted on levels or floors.A skyscraper type building can house a vertical farm.Since the garden is built upwards，rather than outwards，it requires much less space than a conventional(传统的)farm.The world is quickly running out of room for conventional farming.Vertical farms could be a key to this situation.An 18­story vertical farm could feed as many as 50,000 people，all in an area which is the size of the average city block.Vertical farms in the city could cut down on transportation costs as well.Think about the amount of fuel it takes to transport food from farmland to city.The resources saved would be surprising.Besides saving travel time，food would be delivered in fresher condition and with less damage.There is a growing concern about the use of pesticides(杀虫剂) in agriculture today.But the vertical farm would be a greenhouse type environment，avoiding the need for a large number of pesticides.Vertical farms can be built in a contained space，therefore they are an excellent solution for living well in an environment far different from our own.Hydroponics (水耕法) could be a big part of vertical gardening.This would reduce the amount of soil needed to grow food.Of course，not all food does well with this type of planting，but there are many crops that actually seem to do better.In some climates，a lack of sunlight creates a short growing season.The solar power option may not work as well here.The addition of grow lights would make it possible to grow crops in vertical gardens in these areas.In other words，we could grow crops in areas where we never could before.Vertical farms may just be a concept for now，but they are a concept that will solve many of our problems in the future.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了垂直农业这一新概念。

11．According to the passage，a vertical farm________.A．is mainly built outwardsB．is only an environmentally friendly farmC．is planted on levels upwardsD．is dependent on solar power答案　C　[细节理解题依据第一段可知垂直农业是立体向上发展的农业格局]12．The second paragraph is mainly about________.A．the meaning of a vertical farmB．the future of a vertical farmC．the cost of a vertical farmD．the benefit of a vertical farm答案　D　[段落大意题第二段主要介绍垂直农业可以在缓解土地紧张问题、降低运输成本、食品保鲜等方面的优势]13．Compared to the conventional farm，the vertical farm can________.A．help to protect the limited gardensB．reduce the harmful effect of pesticidesC．depend far less on sunlightD．greatly increase the use of soil答案　B　[细节理解题。

依据第三段前两句可知，垂直农业可以减少杀虫剂的使用]14．It can be learned from the passage that vertical farms________.A．have been put into useB．need less room than conventional farmsC．only use hydroponics to grow foodD．may increase the transportaion costs答案　B　[细节判断题由最后一段可知，垂直农业如今还是一个构想，并未实施，A项错误；由第一段最后一句可知B项正确；由第三段第四句可知，水耕法可能是垂直种植的主要方法，但并非唯一方法，因此C项错误；由第二段第四句可知D项错误]15．What would be the best title for the passage?A．Vertical farms for our futureB．Vertical farms and green skyscrapersC．Ways to deal with future problemsD．Advantages of vertical farms答案　A　[主旨概括题。

本文主要介绍能够适应未来需要的垂直农业这一新概念故A项最适合作标题]BA new study in West Africa shows how farm irrigation systems powered by the sun can produce more food and money for villagers.The study in Benin found that solar­powered pumps are effective in supplying water，especially during the long dry season.Sub­Saharan Africa is the part of the world with the least food security.The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that more than one billion of the world's people faced hunger last year.Around 265 million of them live south of the Sahara Desert.Lack of rainfall is one of their main causes of food shortages.Jennifer Burney from Stanford University in California led the study.The research team helped build three solar­powered drip irrigation(滴灌)systems in northern Benin.Between 30 and 35 women used each system to pump water from the ground or a stream.Each woman was responsible for farming her own 120 square meters of land.They also farmed other land collectively.The solar­powered irrigation systems produced an average of nearly two tons of vegetables per month.During the first year，the women kept a monthly average of almost nine kilograms of vegetables for home use.They sold the surplus produce at local markets.The earnings greatly increased their ability to buy food during the dry season which can last six to nine months.People in the two villages with the systems were able to eat three to five more servings of vegetables per day.But making the surplus available at markets also had a wider effect.The study compared the villages with two others where women farmed with traditional methods like carrying water in buckets.The amount of vegetables eaten in those villages also increased，though not as much.The researchers note that only four percent of the cropland in Sub­Saharan Africa is irrigated.Using solar power to pump water has higher costs at first.But the study says it can be more economical in the long term than using fuels like gasoline，diesel or kerosene.And solar power is environmentally friendly.【语篇解读】文章介绍了在西非贝宁用于缓解因缺水而造成的非洲缺粮采取的一项措施；利用环保的太阳滴灌系统。

16．Food security in Sub­Saharan Africa is insufficient mainly because of________.A．lack of rainfall　　 　　B．limitation of farmlandC．a small crop variety D．little sunlight答案　A　[细节理解题由第二段的最后一句话可知答案]17．From the third paragraph we know that________.A．water is wasted by using the systemB．the farmers irrigate the land togetherC．all farmers use irrigation systems in northern BeninD．the solar­powered systems take up more manpower答案　B　[细节理解题第三段告诉我们，调查小组援建了三个太阳能滴灌系统，而每个系统需要30～35人来泵取地下水或溪水……由此可见，在当地农民是共同浇灌的。

此外，根据第三段后两句话“每名妇女除了负责耕作她自己的120平方米的农地以外，还与其他妇女们共同耕作其它的农地可知B项正确C项“贝宁北部所有的农民都使灌溉系统”，说法太绝对；D项“该太阳能滴灌系统占用太多人力”，而文中表达的是“每30～35名妇女共用一座太阳能滴灌系统”，所以D项错误；A项没提及]18．The underlined word “surplus” in the 4th paragraph most probably means________.A．special B．unnecessaryC．extra D．abandoned答案　C　[词义猜测题上一句告诉我们，他们留一部分自己吃，也就是说，多余的就卖掉了由此可以看出，该词和extra同义]19．Using solar power to pump water has advantages EXCEPT that________.A．solar energy has higher cost at firstB．solar power helps to protect environmentC．solar power helps farmers increase earningsD．solar energy can be more economical in the long run答案　A　[细节理解题。

四个选项文中都有所提及，但是，A项所说的开始时的投资较大是作为太阳能灌溉不利的地方提出来的，也就是说不是优势]20．What can be the best title for the text?A．Manpower affects rainfall in AfricaB．Irrigation by carrying water in bucketsC．Solar­powered pumps aid African farmersD．Vegetable supply increased in African villages答案　C　[标题判断题文章向我们介绍了因为缺水而造成的非洲缺粮食，然后介绍了在西非贝宁农民们在太阳能滴灌系统的帮助下不但可以实现自足，还可以卖出多余的部分补贴家用由此可以判断，C项最能概括全文。