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小学升初中英语资料

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  • 1、 英语国际音标………………………………………………………………… 02a英语音标发音表……………………………………………………………………02b英语国际音标发音方法及口型(图)…………………………………………03c英语音标及字母组合对照 ………………………………………………………08d基本语音知识………………………………………………………………………092、 小学语法大全…………………………………………………………………103、 小学英语单词总结……………………………………………………………154、 浅谈英语学习方法……………………………………………………………18姓名:学号:班别:英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个对于初学者来说,若采用集中教学,要学会48个音素的发音并区别开确实不易笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法,即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学国际音标(英语语音)元音单元音前元音[i:][i][e][æ] 中元音[ʌ][ə:][ə]  后元音[u:][u][ɔ:][ɔ][a:]双元音开合双元音[ei][ai][ɔi][əu][au]集中双元音[iə][εə][uə]  辅音爆破音清辅音[p][t][k]  浊辅音[b][d][g]  摩擦音清辅音[f][s][ʃ][θ][h]浊辅音[v][z][ʒ][ð] 破擦音清辅音[tʃ][tr][ts]  浊辅音[dʒ][dr][dz]  鼻音(浊辅音)[m][n][ŋ]  舌则音(浊辅音)[l][r]   半元音(浊辅音)[w][j]   英语国际音标发音方法及口型(图)——四十八个音素发音图解暨口形及发音方法 1.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号  /i/传统式的国际音标读音符号该音是个前元音,是字母i或y在重读闭音中的读音。

    它是个短元音,故发此音要短促而轻快      发音要领的是:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,舌两侧抵上齿两侧,口形偏平           四十八个音素发音图解暨口形及发音方法2./i/美式读音符号   /i:/英式读音符号     /i:/传统式的国际音标读音符号  前元音,是字母ea,ee,ie或ei在单词中的发音此音是长元音,一定注音把音发足其发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿,前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/:口形扁平  3.//美式发音符号 /e/英式发音符号    /e/传统的国际音标的读音符号该音是个前元音,是字母e或ea在单词中的发音它是个短元音发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,舌位比/i:/低;唇形中常,开口度比/i:/大       5.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号//传统的国际音标的读音符号该音是个后元音,是字母组合ar的读音,也是字母a在ss,st,th等字母前面的读音//是长元音发音时口张大,舌身压低并后缩,后舌稍隆起,舌尖不抵下齿双唇稍收圆4.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号   //传统的国际音标的读音符号  该音是个前元素,是字母a在重读闭音节中的发音//是短元音。

    发音时舌尖抵下齿;舌前部稍抬高,舌位比/e/更低;双唇平伸,成扁平形发音时舌尖抵下齿;舌前部稍抬高,舌位比/e/更低;双唇平伸,成扁平形     7.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号//传统的国际音标的读音符号 该音是个后元音,是字母o,or,al,oar,our或oor在单词中的发音它是长元音发音时舌后部抬得比//即美式//美式//高,双唇收得更圆更小,并向前突出6.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号//传统的国际音标的读音符号该音是个短元音,是字母o在重读闭音节单词中的读音  发音时口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩,双唇稍稍收圆  8.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号   /u/传统的国际音标的读音符号  该音是个后元素,是英语字母u,oo或ou等在单词中的发音/u/是短元音发音时舌后部抬起,舌身后缩,舌尖离开下齿双唇收圆,稍突出 9.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号   //传统式的国际音标式的读音符号  该音是个后元音,是字母oo或ou在单词中的发音它是长元音发音时舌后部尽量抬起,舌位比/u/即美式读音//英式读音//高双唇收圆并突出口形比/u/////稍小   10.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号    //传统的国际音标的读音符号该音是个后元音,是字母o和u在单词中的读音。

    //是短元音发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,舌后部靠前部分稍抬起,唇形稍扁,开口度较大,与//相似     11.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号    //传统的国际音标的读音符号读音是个中元音,是字母组合er,ir,or和ur在单词中的发音//是长元音    发音时舌中部比发//音时略高双唇扁平   12.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号//传统的国际音标的读音符号  该音是个中元音,是字母a,e,o,u,er,or和ur在单词中的读音//是读短元音 发音时舌身平放,舌中部略隆起,双唇扁平                             14.//美式读音符号//英式读音符号    //传统的国际音标的读音符号  该音是个双元音,是字母o,oa和oe在单词中的读音它由元音//滑向后元音/u/即美音和英音的//,舌位由半低到高,口形由半开到小注意将音发足13.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号    /ei/传统的国际音标的读音符号  该音是个双元音,是字母a在重读开音节单词中的读音先发/e/音,然后滑向/i/音双唇稍扁,口形      从半开到合  15.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号    /ai/传统的国际音标读音符号  该音是个双元音,是字母i或y在单词中的发音。

    /ai/为双元音先发/a/音,然后滑向/i/音舌尖抵住下齿发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,注意从开到合的滑动16.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号    /au/传统的国际音标的读音符号  该音是个双元音,是字母ou和ow在单词中的读音/au/或//由/a/滑向/u///舌位由低到高,口形由大到小注意将音发足 17.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号    /i/传统的国际音标的读音符号  该音是个双元音,是字母oy和oi在单词中的发音发音时双唇从圆到扁,口形从开到合发好这个音的关键是首先要把后元音/a/////发足,然后滑向/i/音  18.//美式读音符号 //英式读音    /i/传统的国际音标的读音  该音是个双元音,是字母ear,ere,eer在单词中的读音其发音要领是从/i/音滑向//音,美音则滑向/r/音前面的/i/发得较清楚,后面的//或/r/较弱双唇始终半开此音一定要发足    19.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号 //传统的国际音标的读音符号  该音是个双元音,是字母are,air,ear在单词中的读音其发音方法是从///e/音滑向//音发间时舌端抵下齿,前舌略抬起,双唇半开,此音中的//有似于/e/音,//音较轻。

      20.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号     /u/传统的国际音标的读音符号 该音是个双元音,是字母our,oor,ure在单词中的读音发音时,嘴唇从收圆到半开发好这个音的关键是首先要把/u///音发足,然后滑向//音  英语音标及字母组合对照- 18 -1.元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei (eo ey i)three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she me piece receive ceiling 2) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious 3) [ æ ] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a (ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)head bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [u:] 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full prude9) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full bull pull pushwoman wolf 10) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plainthey grey 11) [ai] 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye12) [au] 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town13) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal14) [ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice 15) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea19) [eə ]字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there wherecare20) [uε] [auə]字母组合our ower hour tour flower shower基本语音知识 1) 字母:语言的书写形式。

    元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u 2) 音素:音的最小的单位英语中有48音素即20个元音音素和28个辅音音素. 3) 元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音英语中有20元音 4) 辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音英语中有28辅音 5) 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位ap'ple,stu'dent,tea'cher,un'der'stand 6) 开音节: a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音 he,go,hi 7) 闭音节: a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad,bed,sit,hot,cup; b)元音+辅音it8) 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节 第二章 小学语法大全动词的变化1)代词及be动词  主格 I we you you she/he/it they  宾格 me us you you her/him/it them  代词所有格 my our your your her/his/its their  名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs  be动词现在时 Am are are are is are  be动词过去时 was were were were was were2)动词现在分词  规则1 一般动词加-ing e.g. look-looking,  read-reading,  play-playing  规则2 以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving  规则3 重读闭音节词结尾, 即单词中只有一个元音字母,其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词,双写辅音字母再加-ing  e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping3)动词过去式      规则动词变化    规则1 一般动词加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played  规则2 以e结尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived  规则3 以辅音字母加结尾的变y为i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried  规则4 重读闭音节词结尾, 即单词中只有一个元音字母,其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词,双写辅音字母再加-ed  stop-stopped      过去式的读音  在清辅音后面(除外)读/t/ e.g. walked, jumped  在浊辅音和元音后读/d/ e.g. washed, watched  在/t/,/d/后读/id/ e.g. waited, hated4)常见缩写:  is='s I am=I'm are='re  is not=isn't /iznt/ are not=aren't /a:nt/  do not=don't  does not=doesn't  was='s  did not=didn't  can not=can't  have='ve  has='s  have not=haven't  has not=hasn't  will='ll      will not=won't  shall not=shan't祈使句祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、邀请等,谓语动词一律用原型,句子中通常不用主语,句末用惊叹好或者句号,用降调。

    ★肯定句:动词原型Come here, please.Go downstairs, please.Stand up.Sit down.Be quiet.Be careful.祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号隔开,放在句首或者句尾:Come in, Amy.Sit down here, Tom.Mary, give me a book please.★否定:Don't+动词原型Don't come here.Don't sit down.Don't stand up.Don't give me it.let sb. do 让某人做Let me pass.Let us have a rest.Let's have a rest.反意疑问:Let's have a walk along the river, shall we?Let us go out for a drink, will you? 感叹句1) What +名词+主语+谓语What a beautiful girl she is!What tall buildings they are!2) How +形容词+主语+谓语How beautiful the girl is!How tall the buildings are!• 在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略:What a nice present!(省略it is)How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)情态动词的使用1)情态动词can(能够),must(必须),may(可以)  结构:主语+can/must/may+动词原型  He can make the tea.  Sally can air the room.  We can speak English.★变疑问句将情态动词移到句首  Can he make the tea?  Can Sally air the room?  Can we speak English?★变否定句在情态动词后面加not  He cannot make the tea.  Sally cannot air the room.  We cannot speak English.★肯定回答及否定回答  Yes, he can. / No, he cannot.  Yes, she can. / No, she cannot.  Yes, we can. / No, we cannot.★特殊疑问句:(必背)  What can you do?注意:情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化,不要在情态动词或动词后面加s。

    名词名词分为可数名词和不可数名词:1)不可数名词 无法分开的东西:water, tea, bread, milk, rice抽象的东西:love, beauty, coldness不可数名词有以下特点:不能用a, an修饰;不能加s;和单数be动词或动词搭配2)可数名词 单数可数名词要用冠词修饰,复数可数名词要在名词后面加s名词复数共有以下几种变化:• 规则变化的名词复数形式规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells book→books规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes  church→churches, bus→buses, watch→watches规则3 以o结尾+s或+es e.g. potato→potatoes, Negro→Negroes, hero→heroes, tomato→tomatoes,(口诀:黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿),剩下一般加s, radio→radios规则4 以f, fe结尾的,变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives  half→halves, shelf→shelves, city→cities, wife→wives规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies  fly→flies问句一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句,选择疑问句,否定疑问句1) 一般疑问句:助动词/be动词+主语  Are you a teacher? Do you want to have a cup of tea?2) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句  What is your name?3) 选择疑问句:or  Do you want beef or lamb?There be 句型There be 句型——表示哪里有什么东西(某处有某物)        There is+单数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)  There is a book in this room.  There is a pen on the table  There are+复数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)  There are two pens on the table.  There are three schools there.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首  Is there a book in this room?  Are there two pens on the table?★变否定句在动词后面加not  There is not a book in this room.  There are not two pens on the table.★肯定回答及否定回答  Yes, there is. / No, there is not.  Yes, there are. / No, there are not.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或事件,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago...含有be动词的句子,将be动词变为过去式。

    am, is的过去式为was, are的过去式为were:  I was at the butcher's.  You were a student a year ago.  The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首  Were you at the butcher's?  Were you a student a year ago?  Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?★变否定句在be动词后面加not  I was not at the butcher's.  You were not a student a year ago.  The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.★肯定回答否定回答  Yes, I was. / No, I was not.  Yes, you were. / No, you were not.  Yes, he/she was. / No, he/she was not.★特殊疑问句  What did you do?(必背)不含有be动词的句子,将动词变为过去式:  I finished my homework yesterday.  The boy went to a restaurant.  The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.★变疑问句在句首加did,动词变为原型  Did you finish your homework yesterday?  Did the boy go to a restaurant?  Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?★变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not  I did not finish my homework yesterday.  The boy did not go to a restaurant.  The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.★肯定回答及否定回答  Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.  Yes, he did. / No, he didn't.  Yes, they did. / No, they did not.现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作构成:主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分     We are having lunch.  He is reading a book.  The dog is running after a cat.  The boys are swimming across the river.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首  Are we having lunch?  Is he reading a book?  Is the dog running after a cat?  Are the boys swimming across the river?★变否定句在be动词后面加 not  We are not having lunch.  He is not reading a book.  The dog is not running after a cat.  The boys are swimming across the river.★特殊疑问句:what, which, how, where, who, etc.  疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词  What are you doing?  What is she doing?  What is the dog doing?一般现在时英语中的时态一共有八种,它们是:一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、现在完成时、一般将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时。

    今天我们所要讲的就是第一种: 一般现在时——表示一般性,经常性的动作或一般性事实1、含有be动词的句子     He is a teacher.     The girl is very beautiful.     Tim and Jack are students.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首     Is he a teacher?     Is the girl very beautiful?     Are Tim and Jack students?★变否定句在be动词后面加not     He is not a teacher.     The girl is not very beautiful.     Tim and Jack are not students.★肯定回答及否定回答     Yes, he is. / No, he is not.     Yes, she is. / No, she is not.     Yes, they are. / No, they are not.2、不含有be动词的句子,即含有一般动词的句子1)第三人称单数及单数名词     He likes books.     She likes him.     The dog likes bones.★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型     Does he like books?     Does she like him?     Does the dog like bones?★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn't, 动词变为原型,原句中的动词不再有第三人称变化。

         He doesn't like books.     She doesn't like him.     The dog doesn't like bones.★肯定回答及否定回答:     Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.     Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't     Yes, it does. / No, it doesn't.注意:第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S,不要和名词复数混淆,变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化2)其他人称及复数名词     I want to have a bath.     We have some meat.     The students like smart teachers.★变疑问句在句首加do     Do you want to have a bath?     Do we have any meat?     Do the students like smart teachers?★变否定句在主语和动词之间加don't.     You don't want to have a bath.     We don't have any meat.     The students don't like smart teachers.★肯定回答及否定回答     Yes, I do. / No, I don't.     Yes, we do. /  No, we don't     Yes, they do. / No, they don't.第三章 小学英语单词大全一.学习用品(school things)钢笔pen 铅笔pencil 铅笔盒pencil-case 尺子ruler 书book 书schoolbag 漫画书comic book 明信片post card 报纸newspaper 包bag 橡皮eraser 蜡笔crayon 卷笔刀sharpener 故事书story-book 笔记本notebook 语文书Chinese book 英语书English book 数学书math book 杂志magazine 词典dictionary二.人体(body)脚foot 头head 脸face 头发hair 鼻子nose 嘴mouth眼睛eye 耳朵ear 手臂arm 手hand 手指hand 腿leg尾巴tail 身体body三.颜色(colours)红red 蓝blue 黄yellow 绿green 白white 黑black 粉红pink 紫purple 橙orange 棕brown 灰grey四.动物(animals)猫cat 狗dog 猪pig 鸭duck 兔rabbit 马horse 大象elephant 蚂蚁ant 鱼fish 鸟bird 鹰eagle 鹿deer 海狸beaver 蛇snake 老鼠mouse 松鼠squirrel 熊bear 袋鼠kangaroo 猴monkey 熊猫panda 狮子lion 老虎tiger 狐狸fox 斑马zebra 长颈鹿giraffe 鹅goose 母鸡hen 火鸡turkay 小羊lamb 绵羊sheep 山羊goat 奶牛cow 驴donkey 鱿鱼squid 龙虾lobster 鲨鱼shark 海豹seal 抹香鲸sperm whale 虎鲸killer whale五.人物(people)朋友friend 男孩boy 女孩girl 母亲mother 父亲father 姐妹sister 兄弟brother 叔叔;舅舅uncle 男人man 女人woman 先生Mr 小姐Miss 女士lady 妈妈mom 爸爸dad 父母parents (外)祖母grandma/grandmother (外)祖父grandpa/grandfather 姑姑aunt 儿子son 婴儿baby堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹cousin 小孩kid 同学classmate 女王queen 参观者visitor 邻居neighbour 校长principal 大学生university student 笔友pen pal 旅行者tourist 人物people 机器人robot六.职业(jobs)教师teacher 学生student 医生doctor 护士nurse 司机driver 农民farmer 歌唱家singer 作家writer 男演员actor 女演员actress 画家artist 电视台记者TV reporter 工程师engineer 会计accountant (男)警察policeman 销售员salesperson 清洁工cleaner 棒球运动员baseball player 售货员assistant (女)警察policewoman七.食品、饮料(food and drink )米饭rice 面包bread 牛肉beef 牛奶milk 水water蛋egg 鱼fish 豆腐tofu 蛋糕cake 热狗hot dog 汉堡包hamburger 曲奇cookie 饼干biscuit 果酱jam 面条noodle 肉meat 鸡肉chicken 猪肉pork 羊肉mutton 蔬菜vegetable 沙拉salad 汤soup冰ice 冰激凌ice-cream 可乐Coke 果汁juice 茶tea 咖啡coffee 早餐breakfast 午餐lunch 晚餐dinner八.水果、蔬菜(fruit and vegetable )苹果apple 香蕉banana 梨pear 橙orange 西瓜watermelon 葡萄grape 茄子eggplant 胡萝卜carrot青豆green beans 西红柿tomato 土豆potato 桃peach 草莓strawberry 黄瓜cucumber 洋葱onion 卷心菜cabbage 九.衣服(clothes)夹克衫jacket 衬衣shirt T恤衫T-shirt 短裙子skirt 连衣裙dress 牛仔裤jeans 长裤pants 袜子socks 鞋子shoes 毛衣sweater 上衣coat 雨衣raincoat 短裤shorts 拖鞋slippers 凉鞋sandals 靴子boots (有沿的)帽子hat 便帽cap 太阳镜sunglasses 领带tie 围巾scarf 手套gloves十.交通工具( vehicles )自行车bike 公共汽车bus 火车train 小船boat 轮船ship 快艇yacht 小汽车car 出租车taxi 吉普车jeep 小货车;面包车van 飞机plane 地铁subway 摩托车motor cycle十一.杂物(other things )窗户window 门door 课桌desk 椅子chair 床bed 计算机computer 写字板board 风扇fan 灯light 讲台teacher’s desk 图画;照片picture 墙壁wall 地板floor 窗帘curtain 垃圾箱trash bin 壁橱closet 镜子mirror 床头柜end table 足球football 礼物present 随身听walkman 台灯lamp 电话phone 沙发sofa 书架shelf 冰箱fridge 桌子table 空调air-conditioner 电视TV 钥匙key 锁lock 照片photo 图表chart 盘子plate 刀knife 叉fork 勺子spoon 筷子chopsticks 锅pot 礼物gift 玩具toy 洋娃娃doll 球ball 气球balloon 风筝kite 拼图游戏jigsaw puzzle 盒子box 伞umbrella 拉链 zipper 小提琴violin 溜溜球yo-yo 鸟窝nest 洞hole管子tube 牙刷toothbrush 菜单menu 电子卡片e-card 电子邮件e-mail 交通灯traffic light 钱money 药medicine 十二.地点(locations)家home 房间room 卧室bedroom 卫生间bathroom 起居室living room 厨房kitchen 教室classroom 学校school公园park 图书馆library 邮局post office 医院hospital电影院cinema 书店bookstore 农场farm 动物园zoo 花园garden 书房study 操场playground 食堂canteen 教师办公室teacher’s office 图书馆library 体育馆gym 卫生间washroom 绘画教室art room 计算机教室computer room音乐教室music room 电视机房TV room 公寓flat 公司company 工厂factory 水果摊fruit stand 宠物商店pet shop 自然公园park 主题公园theme park 科学博物馆science museum 长城the Great Wall 超市supermarket 银行bank国家country 乡村village 城市city十三.课程(classes)体育运动sports 科学science 思想品德课Moral Education 社会课Social Studies 语文Chinese 数学math 音乐music体育P.E. 英语English 计算机课computer十四.国家、城市( countries and cities )中国China/PRC 美国America/USA 联合王国UK 英国England 加拿大Canada/CAN 澳大利亚Australia 纽约New York 伦敦London 悉尼Sydney 莫斯科Moscow 开罗Cairo十五.气象(weather )寒冷的cold 温暖的warm 凉爽的cool 下雪的snowy 晴朗的sunny 炎热的hot 下雨的rainy 有风的windy 多云的cloudy 天气预报 weather report十六.景物( nature )河流river 湖泊lake 河;溪stream 森林forest 小道path 公路road 房子house 桥bridge 建筑物building 雨rain 云cloud 太阳sun 山mountain 天空sky 彩虹rainbow 风wind 空气air十七.植物(plants)花flower 草grass 树tree 种子seed 苗sprout 植物plant 玫瑰rose 叶子leaf十八.星期( week )星期一Monday 星期二Tuesday 星期三Wednesday 星期四Thursday 星期五Friday 星期六Saturday 星期日Sunday 周末weekend十九.月份( months)January (Jan.)一月份 February(Feb.) 二月份 March(Mar.) 三月份 April 四月份 May五月份 June六月份 July七月份 Auguest(Aug.)八月份 Septemper(Sept.) 九月份 October(Oct.) 十月份 November(Nov.) 十一月 December(Dec.) 十二月二十.季节( seasons )春spring 夏summer 秋fall 冬winter二十一.方位(directions)南south 北north 东east 西west 左边left 右边right二十二.患病(illness)发烧have a fever 疼痛hurt 感冒have a cold 牙疼have a toothache 头疼have a headache 喉咙疼have a sore throat二十三.数词( numbers )0 nought;zero;O 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 30 thirty 32 thirty-two 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundredfirst(1st)第一 second(2nd)第二 third(3rd)第三 fourth(4th)第四 fifth(5th)第五 sixth(6th)第六 seventh(7th)第七 eighth (8th) 第八 ninth (9th) 第九 tenth (10th) 第十 eleventh (11th) 第十一 twelfth(12th)第十二 thirteenth(13th 第十三 fourteenth(14th 第十四 fifteenth(15th)第十五 sixteenth(16th 第十六 seventeenth(17th)第十七 eighteenth (18th) 第十八 nineteenth (19th) 第十九 twentieth (20th) 第二十 thirtieth (。

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