语法虚拟语气if除外的

1.If you had come earlier,you _the professor.(meet)2.If you had taken the medicine,you _ now.(better)3.Without your help,we _.没有你的帮助，我们不可能成功没有你的帮助，我们不可能成功4.I didnt go to the party,but I do wish I _ there.(be)5.He talks as if he _ everything in the world.(know)had beenwould have metreviewknewwould be bettercould not have succeeded 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 if 条件状语从句中的用法条件状语从句中的用法if条件从句条件从句 从句谓语形式从句谓语形式主句谓语形式主句谓语形式与现在现在事实相反与过去过去事实相反与将来事实相反动词过去式动词过去式(或或were)should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形had+过去分词过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词过去分词should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形1.should+动词原形动词原形2.动词过去式动词过去式3.were to+动词原形动词原形I wish I remembered the address.我要是记得地址就好了。

真可惜我忘了）我要是记得地址就好了真可惜我忘了）How I wish he had not left.要是他没有离开这里就好了要是他没有离开这里就好了!（他已离开）（他已离开）How I wish it would rain tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了要是明天下雨就好了.（说话人已预料明天不会下雨）（说话人已预料明天不会下雨）wish+thatdid/were 现在现在had done 过去过去would/might/could do 将来将来If only 要是就好了要是就好了=I wish要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!要是我没错过火车就好了要是我没错过火车就好了.as if/though+Clause现在：现在：过去：过去：将来将来:did/werehad doneShe loves the baby as if it were her own son.He speaks as if he had been to the United States.Mrs.Smith sobbed as if her heart would break.would/could/might+动词原形动词原形He speaks English as if/though he is from the USA.陈述语气陈述语气He speaks English as if/though he were from the USA.虚拟语气虚拟语气 as if/though注意：注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词用陈述语气。

句中的谓语动词用陈述语气It looks as if you are tired.Should 虚拟虚拟should1.表表要求，命令，建议要求，命令，建议的词后的从句要用虚的词后的从句要用虚拟语气，即拟语气，即should+原形原形2.一些特殊句型用的一些特殊句型用的 should 虚拟虚拟-见特殊见特殊句型部分句型部分1.1.名词性从句中要求用名词性从句中要求用shouldshould虚拟的动词虚拟的动词 suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,require,advise etc.引引导的导的宾语从句宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以要用虚拟语气，以(should)+v原原的形式出现的形式出现We all suggest that he(should)finish his homework first.The captain commanded that all the sailors (should)get down to work at once.Its suggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)that 后面的后面的主语从句主语从句中要使用中要使用虚拟语气，也以虚拟语气，也以 (should)+v原原.的形式出的形式出现。

现Its ordered that only German (should)be taught at schools in Alsas and Lorin.Its requested that all the students(should)wear school uniforms at school.以上这些动词的以上这些动词的名词形式名词形式后面的后面的表语从句表语从句 和和同位语从句同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以中也要用虚拟语气，也应以 (should)+v(should)+v原原.的形式出现的形式出现My suggestion is that you(should)go home first before coming here.His request that his cost(should)be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.The order came that the work(should)be finished two days ahead of time My advice is that you(should)practise speaking English as often as possible 注意注意:当当suggest 表示表示“暗示暗示”;insist表示表示“坚坚持认为持认为”时不用虚拟！时不用虚拟！His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.I insist that he was wrong.His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.He insists that doing morning exercises does good to peoples health.Mr.Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _(讨论讨论)at the meeting.(discuss)(2010湖北高考湖北高考)Mr.Johnson insisted that the problem _(值得关注值得关注).(worthy)was worthy of attentionshould be discussed2.虚拟语气特殊句型：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.would rather+句子句子现在现在/将来：将来：过去：过去：I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone,too.Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.过去时过去时/were过去完成时过去完成时2.Its(about/high)time+that 是时候做某事了是时候做某事了 过去时should+V.你该走了。

Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.我们该去睡觉了Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.Its high time that I _ in bed.was3.Its necessary/strange/natural/important/essential/vital+that-Clause 从句中的动词要从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形动词原形It is important that we(should)master a foreign language.It is strange that she should refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.1 He suggested that the meeting put off.A.not be B.should not C.wouldnt D.be not 2 It is strange that he so.A.thinks B.think C.thought D.will think 3 I wish I my uncle yesterday.A.met B.have met C.would meet D.had met 4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment before 6.A.was finished B.will finish C.be finished D.shall be finished 5.She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today.A.had B.should leave C.leaves D.left6.Its already 5 oclock now.Dont you think its about time_?A.we are going home B.if she leaves C.we went home D.if she had left 7.Its high time he home.A.goes B.went C.will go D.is going to go 8.Galileo insisted that the earth round the sun.A.should move B.move C.moves D.A or B9.If only I _ to my parents advice!A.listening B.listen C.am listening D.had listened 10.Id rather you _ me the news.I am not interested.A.not tell B.not to tell C.didnt tell D.hadnt told 其他虚拟其他虚拟I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I _have driven her there.A.could B.must C.might D.should 07高考陕西卷高考陕西卷D情态动词+have done-Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.-You _ it in the wrong place.A.must put B.should have putC.might put D.might have put 07江西卷江西卷The teacher _ have thought Johnson was worth it orshe wouldnt have wasted time on him,I suppose.A.should B.can C.would D.must 07安徽卷安徽卷The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I _ thetrouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have taken B.could have takenC.neednt have taken D.mustnt have taken 06江西卷江西卷DDC1.表过去、现在、进行中的事情推测must have done/be doing/adj/do 一定一定.(肯定句肯定句)may/might have done/do 可能（肯定和否定句可能（肯定和否定句.可能性较小）可能性较小）could/can not have done/do 一定没有一定没有.(否定和疑问句否定和疑问句)I saw Mrs Smith just now.she cant have gone to Singapore.Bill must have played all night-he falls asleep in class.I havent seen Ben for weeks.He may/might havegone on holiday.-Where is Jim?-He must be cleaning the classroom,for he is on duty today.should(not)have done 本本(不不)应该应该ought(not)to have done 本本(不不)应该应该need(not)have done 本本(没没)必要必要would(not)have done 本本(不不)会会could(not)have done 本本(不不)能够能够might(not)have done 本本(不不)可能可能They could have helped us,but they didnt.You could have caught the bus.What a pity!I should have watched the match,but I was so busy.Look,your mother is so angry.You should have finished the homework.Mom,you neednt have worried about me!Now I have come back safely.2.表对过去发生或没有发生事情的态度表不满表不满表遗憾表遗憾表遗憾表遗憾表责备表责备 混合虚拟混合虚拟注意注意:主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句混合条件句):):有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

以调整如果我是你，我就听从他的建议如果我是你，我就听从他的建议If I were you,I would have taken his advice.从句表示现在，主句表示过去从句表示现在，主句表示过去如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了从句表示过去，主句表示现在从句表示过去，主句表示现在如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行If you had listened to me,you might not be in such trouble now.If it hadnt been raining those days,we should be going on with the works.If you If you had followedhad followed my advice,you my advice,you wouldwould be able to finish the work now.be able to finish the work now.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。

工作了从句说明过去，主句说明现在从句说明过去，主句说明现在If I If I werewere you,I you,I would have gonewould have gone to to her birthday party.her birthday party.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了从句说明现在，主句说明过去从句说明现在，主句说明过去If you If you hadnt lenthadnt lent me some money,me some money,I I couldnt have boughtcouldnt have bought the new the new house and most likely I house and most likely I would be would be still livingstill living in the dangerous in the dangerous house now.house now.假若你不借钱给我，假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。

新房，很可能现在还住在危房里从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在隐含虚拟隐含虚拟非真实条件句中的条件从非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫在上下文中，这种句子叫做做含蓄条件句含蓄条件句1.without和和but for 构成虚拟构成虚拟Without sunlight,peoples life would be different from today.But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.Without your help,I would have failed.But for water,it would be impossible to live in the desert.2.otherwise 和和or The storm stopped,otherwise the sailors would have fallen into the sea.Im getting cold,otherwise I would keep her.He turned up at last,or we should have had to wait for another hour.Exercises:“Have you visited the Science Museum?”“No,but I really wish I _.”A.had B.did C.have D.willI didnt go to the party,but I do wish I _there.A.was B.were C.had been D.wentIf only I _ you yesterday.A.see B.did see C.had seen D.were to see -He is a brave man.-Yes,I wish I _his courage.A.Have B.had C.will have D.would haveTom can take his car apart and put it back together again.I certainly wish he _me how.A.teaches B.will teach C.has taught D.would teachThepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IfonlyI_to it.A.hadnt gone B.havent goneC.didnt go D.could not have goneHow I wish I _that!Everybody present was angrywithme.A.didnt go B.hadnt done C.wouldnt do D.wasnt doing高考题Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday.A.was happening B.happensC.has happened D.happened (06全国卷一)DWhen a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been brokenThe actor is 58 years old.But he acts as if he _ a young man.A.is B.will be C.am D.wereThe clouds are getting darker and darker.It looks as if it _rain.A.is going to B.will C.was going to D.would。