2022年考博英语-中国艺术研究院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷56

2022年考博英语-中国艺术研究院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题 The senator's attempt to convince the public that she is not interested in running for a second term is futile.问题1选项A.laudableB.sincereC.authenticD.useless【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析句意：这位参议员试图让公众相信她对竞选连任没有兴趣，但这只是徒劳A选项laudable“值得赞赏的”；B选项sincere“真诚的”；C选项authentic“真正的，真实的”；D选项useless“无用的，无效的”futile意为“无用的，无效的”，选项D与之意思相近，代入符合语境2. 单选题Some research workers completely（ ）all those facts as though they never existed.问题1选项A.ignoreB.leaveC.refuseD.miss【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析A选项ignore“忽略”；B选项leave“离开”；C选项refuse“拒绝”；D选项miss“错过”。

句意：有些研究人员完全忽略了所有的这些事实，就好像它们根本不存在一样选项A符合语境3. 单选题A landing on Mars is within the（ ）of current physical theory.问题1选项A.schemeB.scopeC.scrapD.scale【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析A选项 scheme“计划，诡计”；B选项scope“范围，视野”；C选项scrap“碎片，残余物”；D选项scale“规模，比例”句意：在火星上着陆在目前物理理论的范围之内选项B符合语境4. 单选题In the film we saw last night, the hero（ ）his wife to death with his sword.问题1选项A.throatB.thrustC.trustD.thread【答案】B【解析】考查形近异义动词辨析A选项throat“用嗓音说”；B选项thrust“插入，猛刺”；C选项trust“信任”；D选项thread“通过，穿线于”句意：在我们昨晚看的电影中，英雄用剑刺死了他的妻子选项B符合语境5. 单选题The filling station（ ）because there were too many others on the street.问题1选项A.went underB.went throughC.fell outD.fell through【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项go under“破产，屈服”；B选项go through“参加，经受，仔细检查，通过”；C选项fell out“争吵”；D选项fell through“未能实现”句意：这个加油站破产了，因为街上还有很多其他的加油站选项A符合语境6. 翻译题国画(Chinese painting)是世界上最古老的艺术传统之一绘画时用毛笔蘸黑墨或彩墨在纸张或丝绸上作画根据表现手法，国画可分为写意派(the Xieyi School)和工笔派(the Gongbi School)两大类写意派以自由表达和形式夸张为特点；工笔派则注重以精细的笔法描绘细节山水画被公认为国画的最高形式纵观历史，不同时期的国画都相应地反映出人们的社会意识答案】Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting is done on paper or silk with a brush dipped in black or colored ink. According to the means of expression, Chinese paintings can be divided into two categories which are the Xieyi School and the Gongbi School. The Xieyi School is characterized by free expression and exaggerated forms, while the Gongbi School attaches importance to detail with fine brush work. Landscape painting is widely regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. Throughout history, the Chinese paintings at different times mirror people's social consciousness accordingly.7. 单选题If you never review your stage lines, you will only have yourself to（ ）if you fail in your performance.问题1选项A.complainB.mistakeC.blameD.fault【答案】C【解析】考查固定用法。

to blame意为“该受责备；怪罪；应该负责”句意“如果你从不复习你的台词，假如在表演时失败了，你只能怪你自己选项C符合语境8. 单选题With the burgeoning of scientific knowledge, work on the new edition of a textbook begins soon after completion of the original.问题1选项A.emergingB.culminatingC.limitingD.developing【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析句意：随着科学知识的迅速发展，在原教科书完成后不久，就开始编写新版本的教科书A选项emerging “走向成熟的，新兴的”；B选项culminating“达到顶点，告终”；C选项limiting“限制的，局限的”；D选项developing“发展中的”burgeoning意为“迅速发展的，繁荣的”，选项A与之意思最为相近，代入符合语境9. 单选题In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total（ ）for living expenses.问题1选项A.acceptableB.applicableC.advisableD.available【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项acceptable“可接受的”；B选项applicable“可适用的，合适的”；C选项advisable“明智的”；D选项available“可获得的”句意：一般来说，学生可用于住房的钱应该占全部生活费的五分之一available for意为“可用于……的”，所以选项D正确10. 单选题In an environmentally conscious tweak on the typical way of getting food to the table, growing numbers of people are skipping out on grocery stores and even farmers markets and instead going right to the source by buying shares of farms.On one of the farms, here about 35 miles west of Chicago, Steve Trisko was weeding beets the other day and cutting back a shade tree so baby tomatoes could get sunlight. Mr. Trisko is a retired computer consultant who owns shares in the four-acre Erehwon Farm.“We decided that it’s in our interest to have a small farm succeed, and have them be able to have a sustainable farm producing good food,” Mr. Trisko said.Part of a loose but growing network mostly mobilized on the Internet, Erehwon is participating in what is known as community-supported agriculture. About 150 people have bought shares in Erehwon— in essence, hiring personal farmers and turning the old notion of sharecropping on its head.The concept was imported from Europe and Asia in the 1980s as an alternative marketing and financing arrangement to help combat the often prohibitive costs of small-scale farming. But until recently, it was slow to take root. There were fewer than 100 such farms in the early 1990s, but in the last several years the numbers have grown to close to 1,500, according to academic experts who have followed the trend.“I think people are becoming more local-minded, and this fits right into that,” said Nichole D. Nazelrod, program coordinator at the Fulton Center for Sustainable Living at Wilson College in Chambersburg, Pa., a national clearinghouse for community-supported farms. “People are seeing ways to come together and work together to make this successful.”The shareholders of Erehwon Farm have open access to the land and a guaranteed percentage of the season’s harvest of fruit and vegetables for packages that range from about $300 to $900. Arrangements of fresh-cut blossoms twice a month can be included for an extra $120 — or for the deluxe package, $220 will “feed the soul” with weekly bouquets of lilies and sunflowers and other local blooms.Shareholders are not required to work the fields, but they can if they want, and many do. Mr. Trisko said his family knows that without his volunteer labor and agreement to share in the financial risk of raising crops, the small organic farm might not survive. “It’s very hard for them to make ends meet,” he said, “so I decided to go out and help. We harvest, water, pull weeds, whatever they need doing.”Erehwon — the word “nowhere” spelled backward — started with two shareholders, reached its goal of 140 last year, and now has raised its target to about 200 members.1. According to the passage, growing numbers of people buy shares of farms because they（ ）.2. Erehwon Farm differs from the traditional farms in that it is（ ）.3. We may infer from the passage that community-sponsored farm（ ）.4. The average shareholders of Erehwon Farm are entitled to（ ）.5. It is implied that Erehwon Farm（ ）.问题1选项A.are conscious of environmental problemsB.abandon the typical way of getting food to the tableC.no longer depend on grocery stores and farmers marketsD.like to grow vegetables themselves in the suburban farms问题2选项A.very smallB.very efficientC.community-supported agricultureD.shared by people from different places问题3选项A.is a new concept emerging in the U.S.AB.has to combat with small-scale farmingC.is gradually taking shape in American agricultureD.is very popular as booming agriculture in the U.S.A问题4选项A.come together and work together on the farmB.get a guaranteed percentage of the season’s harvest of fruit and vegetablesC.enjoy packages that range from about $300 to $900D.buy $120-$220 fresh-cut blossoms twice a month问题5选项A.comes from the backward spelled word “nowhere”B.is a fictional name and there is no such a farm in the U.S.AC.it’s very hard to survive owing to its small sizeD.develops soundly, in spite of its financial difficulties【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。

根据原文第一自然段的内容“环保意识改变了将食物端上桌的传统方式，相反，越来越多的人转向了杂货店甚至农贸市场，通过购买农场的股份来直接获取来源由此可知，越来越多的人买农场股份是受到环保意识的影响，所以选项A正确2.细节事实题根据第四段第一句“Part of a loose but growing network mostly mobilized on the Internet, Erehwon is participating in what is known as community-supported agriculture. Erehwon是松散却不断壮大的网络的一部分，主要通过互联网动员起来，他参与的是所谓的社区支持农业以及本段最后一句“in essence, hiring personal farmers and turning the old notion of sharecropping on its head. 从本质上说，就是雇佣私人农场主，颠覆旧的佃农制度由此可知，Erehwon农场和传统农场的不同之处在于它是社区支持的农业，选项C符合原文3.细节事实题根据原文第五段第一句“The concept was imported from Europe and Asia in the 1980s as an alternative marketing and financing arrangement to help combat the often prohibitive costs of small-scale farming. 这一概念是在20世纪80年代从欧洲和亚洲引进的，作为一种替代性的销售和筹资安排，来帮助克服小规模农业通常高昂的费用。

由此可知，这不是一个新的概念，而且是来帮助而不是来和小规模农场竞争的，所以选项A和选项B均表述错误；根据本段第二句“But until recently, it was slow to take root. 但直到最近，它才慢慢生根发芽”可知，这一概念刚刚生根发芽，还没有初步成形，所以选项C错误；根据本段最后一句的内容可知，像Erehwon这样的农场由以前的不到100家到现在增长到接近1500家，说明社区支持的农业在美国蓬勃发展的农业非常受欢迎所以选项D符合原文4.判断推理题根据倒数第三段的第一句“The shareholders of Erehwon Farm have open access to the land and a guaranteed percentage of the season’s harvest of fruit and vegetables for packages that range from about $300 to $900. Erehwon Farm的股东可以自由使用土地，并保证获得当季水果和蔬菜收成的一定比例，金额从300美元到900美元不等由此可知，选项B符合原文。

选项A目前还没有实现；选项C曲解了原文的意思；选项D不是普通股东享有的权利，所以只有选项B正确5.判断推理题根据最后一段首句“Erehwon — the word “nowhere” spelled backward…Erehwon这个词是由‘nowhere’倒着写的”，由此可知，选项A符合原文选项B在文中没有信息提及；根据倒数第二段的内容可知，Erehwon农场不是由于规模小而无法生存，属于曲解原文句意，所以选项C不正确；原文也没有提及财政问题，所以选项D也不正确11. 单选题When faced with doubts from some advisers on the attempted invasion, the president ignored them.问题1选项A.failed to noticeB.put up withC.stood up forD.refused to consider【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析根据句意：当面对一些顾问对入侵企图的质疑时，总统……了他们ignore意为“忽略，忽视”A选项fail to notice“没有注意到”；B选项put up with“容忍，忍受”；C选项stand up for“支持，拥护”；D选项refuse to consider“拒绝考虑”。

选项A与之意思最为接近，代入符合语境12. 单选题 Each of them had a different（ ）of what actually happened, but hers was far more believable.问题1选项A.messageB.theoryC.versionD.comment【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析A选项message“消息”；B选项theory“理论，原理”；C选项version“版本，说法”；D选项comment“评论，意见”句意：每个人对实际发生的事情都有不同的说法，但她的说法更可信选项C符合语境13. 单选题Brazilian music is thoroughly imbued with African themes, and（ ）composers have long found inspiration in the black musical heritage.问题1选项A.imaginativeB.sensitiveC.distinguishedD.persistent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析A选项imaginative “富于想象的，有创造力的”；B选项sensitive“敏感的”；C选项distinguished“卓越的，著名的”；D选项persistent“执着的，持续的”。

句意“巴西音乐完全融入了非洲的主题，富有想象力的作曲家早就从黑人音乐传统中找到了灵感”选项A符合语境14. 单选题My cat is a fussy eater, but my dog is so（ ）that she’ll swallow down anything that is put in front of her.问题1选项A.indiscriminateB.choosyC.indefiniteD.picky【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析A选项indiscriminate“不加选择的”；B选项choosy“好挑剔的”；C选项indefinite“不确定的，无限的”；D选项picky“挑剔的”句意：我的猫很挑食，但我的狗却不加选择地吃任何摆在她面前的东西根据句意可知，填空处应填入一个和fussy（爱挑剔的）意思相反的单词，所以选项A符合语境15. 单选题As for Ann, I am not sure about her（ ）in Italian.问题1选项A.fluencyB.clarityC.coherenceD.excellency【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析A选项fluency“（语言，文章）流利”；B选项clarity“清晰，清楚”；C选项coherence“一致，连贯性”；D选项excellency“优点，美德”。

句意：至于安，我不确定她的意大利语是否流利选项A符合语境16. 单选题Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite（ ）in the repetitive and mechanical form of the waltz.问题1选项A.lackingB.lackedC.lack ofD.for lack of【答案】A【解析】考查语法知识空格处词语用来修饰前面的dance，所以是形容词性lack 与dance之间是主动关系，因此应使用lack的现在分词形式来修饰所以选项A正确17. 单选题 The psychologist cited several instances of insubordinate behavior.问题1选项A.neglectedB.worriedC.mentionedD.reduced【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析根据句意：心理学家……几个不服从行为的例子cite指的是引用，列举A选项neglect“忽略，忽视”；B选项worry“担心”；C选项mention“提及，谈到”；D选项reduce“减少，缩小”。

选项C代入后最符合语境18. 单选题Children learn almost nothing from television, and the more they watch the less they remember. They regard television purely（1）entertainment, resent programs that put（2）on them and are surprised that anybody should（3）the medium seriously. Far from being over-excited by programs, they are mildly（4）with the whole thing. These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and television. The author, Cardiac Cullingford （5）that the modern child is a（6）viewer. The study suggests that there is little（7）in the later hours. All 11-year-olds have watched programs after midnight.Apart from the obvious waste of time（8）, it seems that all this viewing has little effect. Cullingford says that children can recall few details. They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can（9）explain the elements of a particular plot. Recall was in “（10）proportion to the amount they had watched”. It is precisely because television,（11）a teacher, demands so little attention and response（12）children like it, argues Cullingford. Programs seeking to（13）serious messages are strongly disliked.（14）people who frequently talk on screen. What children like most are the advertisements. They see them as short programs（15）their own right and particularly enjoy humorous presentation. But again, they（16）strongly against high-pressure advertisements that attempt openly to（17）them.In addition, children are not（18）involved in the programs. If they admire the stars, it is because the actors lead glamorous lives and earn a lot of money,（19）their fictional skills with fast cars and shooting villains. Children are perfectly（20）the functions of advertisements. And says Cullingford, educational television is probably least successful of all in imparting attitudes or information.问题1选项A.forB.asC.likeD.at问题2选项A.reformsB.commentsC.callsD.demands问题3选项A.adjustB.selectC.takeD.restrict问题4选项A.gratifiedB.acquaintedC.infectedD.bored问题5选项A.conformsB.confirmsC.confessesD.refutes问题6选项A.dedicatedB.sincereC.preoccupiedD.choosy问题7选项A.perfectionB.faithC.intentionD.point问题8选项A.resolvedB.involvedC.revivedD.revolved问题9选项A.rarelyB.fairlyC.abundantlyD.fully问题10选项A.diverseB.reverseC.immerseD.direct问题11选项A.dislikeB.likeC.unlikeD.unlikely问题12选项A.whyB.thatC.whichD.whether问题13选项A.put overB.carry overC.see overD.take over问题14选项A.Those areB.So areC.They areD.There are问题15选项A.inB.amongC.throughD.with问题16选项A.weighB.reactC.discriminateD.proceed问题17选项A.influenceB.have influencedC.influencedD.influencing问题18选项A.indifferentlyB.emotionallyC.intellectuallyD.facilely问题19选项A.mainly becauseB.partly becauseC.not becauseD.not because of问题20选项A.clear aboutB.clear upC.clear awayD.clear of【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B第6题:A第7题:D第8题:B第9题:A第10题:B第11题:C第12题:B第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:A第18题:B第19题:D第20题:A【解析】1.考查固定搭配。

regard...as…意为“将……视为……”原文指的是孩子们纯粹地将电视视为娱乐，选项B符合原文2.考查名词辨析A选项reform“改革，改良”；B选项comment“评论，意见”；C选项call“拜访”；D选项demand“要求，需求”根据句意“他们讨厌那些对他们提出要求的节目”，选项D符合语境3.考查固定搭配take seriously意为“重视，认真对待……”，原文指的是认真对待媒体所以选项C符合语境4.考查形容词辨析A选项gratified“满意的”；B选项acquainted“熟识的”；C选项infected“受感染的”；D选项bored“无聊的，烦人的”根据前面的“over-excited”可知，后面应填入与之意思相反的词句意“他们非但没有对节目过于兴奋，反而对整个节目有点厌烦选项D最符合语境5.考查动词辨析A选项conform“遵守，符合”；B选项confirm“确认，证实”；C选项confess“承认，坦白，忏悔”；D选项refute“反驳”结合上下文的语境可知，前面提出结论，作者Cardiac Cullingford加以证实，所以选项B符合语境6.考查上下文语义根据本段的最后一句“所有11岁的孩子都在午夜之后看节目。

由此可推断，孩子们应该是专用的观众A选项dedicated“专用的，专注的”；B选项sincere“真诚的”；C选项preoccupied“全神贯注的”；D选项choosy“挑剔的”选项A符合语境，选项C用在此处不太恰当7.考查固定用法There is little point……意为“做某事没有多少意义”所以选项D正确8.考查上下文语义A选项resolved“解决，决定”；B选项involved“涉及，包含”；C选项revived“复活，再生”；D选项revolved“旋转”根据句意“除了涉及到明显的时间浪费，收看电视等所有这些似乎没有什么影响选项B符合语境9.考查上下文语境A选项rarely“很少地”；B选项fairly“相当地”；C选项abundantly“丰富地，大量地”；D选项fully“充分地”根据上文Cullingford提及的“孩子们能回忆起的细节很少”可知，这里也应该是“很少能解释某个特定情节的元素”所以选项A正确10.考查形容词辨析A选项diverse“不同的，多样的”；B选项reverse“相反的，颠倒的”；C选项immerse“沉浸，陷入”；D选项direct“直接的”。

结合上下文的内容可知，他们（孩子们）的回忆“与观看的数量成反比”，也就是前面所说的，看得越多，记得越少所以选项B正确11.考查上下文语义根据原文可知，这里是将电视和老师进行对比，说明电视不像老师那样，只需要很少的关注和回忆所以选项C符合语境12.考查固定句型so…that…意为“太……以至于……”，所以选项B正确13.考查词组辨析A选项put over“说明，解释，被接受”；B选项carry over“继续存在”；C选项see over“检查，察看”；D选项take over“接管，接收”根据句意可知，这里是指试图传递严肃信息的节目非常不受欢迎，也就是说，节目试图使严肃的信息被大家所接受，所以选项A符合语境14.考查so的用法根据句意可知，这里指的是“经常在屏幕上讲话的人也是如此表示“……也一样，也是如此”用“so+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”，所以选项B正确15.考查固定搭配in one's own right意为“本身”，所以选项A正确16.考查动词辨析A选项weigh“权衡，考虑”；B选项react“作出反应”；C选项discriminate“歧视，辨别”；D选项proceed“开始，继续进行”。

根据句意可知，他们应该是强烈反对那些影响他们的广告，react against意为“反对，反抗”，选项B符合语境17.考查固定用法attempt to do意为“尝试去做某事”，不定式to后面接动词原形，所以选项A正确18.考查副词辨析A选项indifferently“冷淡地，漠不关心地”；B选项emotionally“令人激动地，情绪冲动地”；C选项intellectually“智力上，理智地”；D选项facilely“轻快地”根据句意“他们（孩子们）并没有情绪激动地牵涉进这些节目中选项B符合语境19.考查because的用法句意“他们羡慕明星，是因为演员们过着光鲜亮丽的生活，能赚很多钱，而不是因为他们拥有赛车和拍摄反派角色的虚构技能A选项mainly because“主要是因为”；B选项partly because“部分是因为”；C选项not because“不是因为”；D选项not because of“不是因为”选项C和选项D的区别在于，because后面接句子，because of后面接短语填空处后面是短语而不是完整的句子，所以只能选D20.考查词组辨析A选项clear about“清楚，明白”；B选项clear up“整理，打扫”；C选项clear away“清除，收拾，消失”；D选项clear of“清除，扫清”。

根据句意“孩子们非常清楚广告的作用选项A符合语境19. 单选题Many artists late in the last century were in search of a means to express their individuality. Modern dance was one of the ways some of these people sought to free their creative spirit. At the beginning there was no exacting technique, no foundation from which to build. In later years, trial, error and genius founded the techniques and the principles of the movement. Eventually, innovators even drew from what they considered the dread ballet, but first they had to abandon all that was academic so that the new could be discovered. The beginnings of modern dance were happening before Isadora Duncan, but she was the first person to bring the new dance to general audiences and see it accepted and acclaimed.Her search for a natural movement form sent her to nature. She believed movement should be as natural as the swaying of the trees and the rolling waves of the sea, and should be in harmony with the movement of the Earth. Her great contributions are in three areas.First, she began the expansion of the kinds of movement that could be used in dance. Before Duncan danced, ballet was the only type of dance performed in concert. In the ballet the feet and legs were emphasized, with virtuosity shown by complex, codified positions and movements. Duncan performed dance by using all her body in the freest possible way. Her dance stemmed from her soul and spirit. She was one of the pioneers who broke tradition so others might be able to develop the art.Her second contribution lies in dance costume. She rejected ballet shoes and stiff costumes. These were replaced with flowing Grecian tunes, bare feet, and unbound hair. She believed in the natural body being allowed to move freely, and her dress displayed this ideal.Her third contribution was in the use of music. In her performances she used the symphonies of great masters including Beethoven and Wagner, which was not the usual custom.She was as exciting and eccentric in her personal life as in her dance.1. According to the passage, what did nature represent to Isadora Duncan?2. Compared to those of the ballet, Isadora Duncan’s costumes were less（ ）.3. Which of the following is not mentioned as an area of dance that Duncan worked to change?4. We can infer from the passage that the author（ ）.5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?问题1选项A.Something to conquer.B.A model for movement.C.A place to find peace.D.A symbol of disorder.问题2选项A.costlyB.colorfulC.gracefulD.restrictive问题3选项A.The stage set.B.The music.C.Costumes.D.Movements.问题4选项A.appreciates modern dance very muchB.dislikes Isadora Duncan’s danceC.thinks highly of individualityD.knows a lot about modern arts问题5选项A.Artists of the Last CenturyB.Evolution of Dance in the 20th CenturyC.Natural Movem。