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小学英语语法

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  • 语法)小学英语语法大全 摘要:一、名词复数规则 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以辅音字母   一、名词复数规则   1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds   2.以s ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches   3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries   4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 〕   Leaf--leaves   5.不规则名词复数:   man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,   child-children   foot-feet,。

    tooth-teeth   fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese   写出下列各词的复数   I _________him _________this ___________her ______   watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______   day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________   tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____   peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______   man______ woman_______   二、一般现在时   一般现在时基本用法介绍   【No 1】一般现在时的功能   1表示事物或人物的特征、状态如:The sky is blue天空是蓝色的   2表示经常性或习惯性的动作如:I get up at six every day。

    我天天六点起床   3表示客观现实如:The earth goes around the sun地球绕着太阳转   一般现在时的构成   1 be动词:主语 be(am,is,are) 其它如:   I am a boy我是一个男孩   2行为动词:主语 行为动词( 其它)如:   We study English我们学习英语   当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”如:Mary likes Chinese玛丽喜欢汉语   【No 2】一般现在时的变化   1 be动词的变化   否定句:主语 be not 其它   如:He is not a worker他不是工人   一般疑问句:Be 主语 其它   如:-Are you a student?   -Yes I am / No, I‘m not   非凡疑问句:疑问词 一般疑问句如:Where is my bike?   2行为动词的变化   否定句:主语 don’t( doesn‘t ) 动词原形( 其它)如:   I don’t like bread   当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn‘t构成否定句。

    如:   He doesn’t often play   一般疑问句:Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它如:   - Do you often play football?   - Yes, I do / No, I don‘t   当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句如:   - Does she go to work by bike?   - Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t   动词 s的变化规则   1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks   2.以s o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes   3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies   一般现在时用法专练:   一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数   drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________   look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____   come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________   study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______   wash_______   二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

      1 He often ________(have) dinner at home   2 Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One   3 We _______(not watch) TV on Monday   4 Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday   5 ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?   6 What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?   7 _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?   8 The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays   9 She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening   10 There ________(be) some water in the bottle   11 Mike _______(like) cooking。

      12 They _______(have) the same hobby   13 My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully   14 You always _______(do) your homework well   15 I _______(be) ill I‘m staying in bed   16 She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday   17 Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE   18 The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening   19 Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term   20 -What day _______(be) it today?   - It’s Saturday   三、现在进行时   1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

      2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing   3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not   4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首   5.现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为:   疑问词不达意 be 主语 动词ing?   但疑问词当主语时其结构为:   疑问词不达意 be 动词ing?   动词加ing的变化规则   1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking   2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting   3.假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping   现在进行时专项练习:   一、写出下列动词的现在分词:   play________ run__________ swim _________make__________   go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________   read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________   put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________   live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________   stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________   二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:   1。

    The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now   2 Listen Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom   3 My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now   4 What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?   5 Look They _______________( have) an English lesson   6They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now   7Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom   8What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music   9 It‘s 5 o’clock now We _____________(have)supper now   10。

    Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is   四、将来时理论及练习   一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等   二、基本结构:①be going to do;   ②will do   三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won‘t   例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon→ I‘m not going to have a picnic this afternoon   四、同义句:be going to = will   I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天) = I will go swimming tomorrow   练习:   填空   1 我打算明天和朋友去野炊   I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends。

      I ________ have a picnic with my friends   2我们将要学习英语   We _____ _______ _________ learn English   We ________ learn English   五、一般过去时   1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作   2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:   ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为waswas not=wasn’t)   ⑵are在一般过去时中变为werewere not=weren‘t)   3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子   否定句:didn’t 动词原形,如:Jim didn‘t go home yesterday   动词过去式变化规则:   1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:work__-worked , cook-cooked   2.结尾是e加d,如:live____lived   3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped   4.以“辅音字母 y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied   5.不规则动词过去式:   am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat   过去时练习   写出下列动词的过去式   is\am_________ plant________ are ________   drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________   does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____   taste_________ eat__________ put ______   kick_________ pass_______ do ________   Be动词的过去时练习(1)   Name ____________ No。

    ______ Date __________   一、用be动词的适当形式填空   1 I _______ at school just now   2 He ________ at the camp last week   3 We ________ students two years ago   4 They ________ on the farm a moment ago   5 Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year   6 There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday   7 There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday   8 The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening   一、用be动词的适当形式填空   1 I ______ an English teacher now   2 She _______ happy yesterday   3 They _______ glad to see each other last month。

      行为动词的过去时练习(2)   Name ____________ No ______ Date __________   一、用be动词的适当形式填空   1 I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday   2 Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night   3 We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park (go)   4 ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?   5 ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______   6 Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday   7 I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______   8。

    What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly   六、人称代词和物主代词   主格宾格 形容词性 名词性   I me my mine   you you youryours   he him his his   she her her hers   itit its its   we us our ours   they them theirtheirs   习题   一用所给词的适当形式填空   1 That is not _________ kite That kite is very small, but _________ is very big ( I )   2 The dress is _________ Give it to _________ ( she )   3 Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ ( I )   4 _________ is my brother。

    _________ name is Jack Look! Those stamps are _________ ( he )   二、用am, is, are 填空   1 I ______ a boy ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not   2 The girl______ Jack‘s sister   3 The dog _______ tall and fat   4 The man with big eyes _______ a teacher   5 ______ your brother in the classroom?   6 Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home   7 How _______ your father?   8 Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school   9 Whose dress ______ this?   10 Whose socks ______ they?   语法及练习1 be动词   Be 动词的用法:   (1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,复数全用are。

      (2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London He is(not) a teacher She is(not) in the dining room My hair is(not) long Her eyes are(not) small   (3) 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are No, you aren’t Are they American? Yes, they are No, they aren‘t Is the cat fat? Yes, it is No, it isn’t   用恰当的be动词填空   1 I ______ a boy ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not   2 The girl______ Jack‘s sister   3 The dog _______ tall and fat   4 The man with big eyes _______ a teacher   5 ______ your brother in the classroom?   6。

    Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home   7 How _______ your father?   8 Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school   9 Whose dress ______ this?   10 Whose socks ______ they?   11 That ______ my red skirt   12 Who ______ I?   13The jeans ______ on the desk   14 Here ______ a scarf for you   15 Here ______ some sweaters for you   16 The black gloves ______ for Su Yang   17 This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling   18 The two cups of milk _____ for me   19 Some tea ______ in the glass   20 Gao shan’s shirt _______ over there。

      21 My sister‘s name ______Nancy   22 This ______ not Wang Fang’s pencil   23 ______ David and Helen from England?   24 There ______ a girl in the room   25 There ______ some apples on the tree   26 _______ there any kites in the classroom?   27 _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?   28 There _______ some bread on the plate   29 There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park   30 You, he and I ______ from China   语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词   人称代词和物主代词   1.人称代词主格和宾格的区别:主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than 之后),宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。

      2.物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别:形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性则单独使用,后面不带名词   一填写代词表主格   I it we   you them   his your   hers   二用所给词的适当形式填空   1 That is not _________ kite That kite is very small, but _________ is very big ( I )   2 The dress is _________ Give it to _________ ( she )   3 Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it‘s not _________ ( I )   4 _________ is my brother ________ name is Jack Look! Those stamps are _________ ( he )   5 _________ dresses are red (we) What colour are _________? ( you )   6 Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )   7。

    I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )   8 Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)   9 I have a beautiful cat _________name is Mimi These cakes are _________ ( it )   10 Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________ ________ aren‘t here ( they ) 11 Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom ( we )   12 _________ is my aunt Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse ( she )   13 That is not _________ camera _________is at home ( he )   14 Where are _________? I can’t find _________。

    Let‘s call _________ parents ( they )   15 Don’t touch _________ _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!   16 _________ sister is ill Please go and get _________ ( she )   17 _________ don‘t know her name Would you please tell _________ ( we )   18 So many dogs Let’s count _________ ( they )   19 I have a lovely brother _________ is only 3 I like _________ very much ( he )   20 May I sit beside _________? ( you )   21 Look at that desk Those book are on _________ ( it )   22The girl behind _________ is our friend。

    (she )   语法及练习3 名词复数和动词三单   一、名词复数规则   1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds   2.以s ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches   3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries   4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives   5.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese   练习:写出下列各词的复数   I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ book_______   child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ people________   二.动词三单的变化规则   1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks   2.以s。

    x o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes   3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies   练习: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数   drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________   have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______   plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ teach_______   语法及练习4 一般现在时   一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍   一般现在时的功能   1表示事物或人物的特征、状态如:The sky is blue天空是蓝色的   2表示经常性或习惯性的动作如:I get up at six every day我每天六点起床   3表示客观现实如:The earth goes around the sun。

    地球绕着太阳转   一般现在时的构成   1 be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它如:I am a boy我是一个男孩   2行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)如:We study English我们学习英语   当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”如:Mary likes Chinese玛丽喜欢汉语   一般现在时的变化   1 be动词的变化否定句:主语+ be + not +其它如:He is not a worker他不是工人   一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它如:-Are you a student?  -Yes I am / No, I‘m not   特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句如:Where is my bike?   2行为动词的变化否定句:主语+ don’t( doesn‘t ) +动词原形(+其它)如:I don’t like bread   当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn‘t构成否定句如:He doesn’t often play   一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它   如:- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do。

    / No, I don‘t   当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句   如:- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t   特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句如:How does your father go to work?   一般现在时用法专练:   一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空   1 He often ________(have) dinner at home   2 Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One   3 We _______(not watch) TV on Monday   4 Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday   5 ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?   6 What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?   7 _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?   8。

    The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays   9 She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening   10 There ________(be) some water in the bottle   11 Mike _______(like) cooking   12 They _______(have) the same hobby   13 My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully   14 You always _______(do) your homework well   15 I _______(be) ill I‘m staying in bed   16 She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday   17 Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE   18 The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening。

      19 Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term   20 -What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday   二、按照要求改写句子   1 Daniel watches TV every evening改为否定句) ___________________________________________________   2 I do my homework every day改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________   3 She likes milk改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) ___________________________   4 Amy likes playing computer games改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ___________________________________________________   5 We go to school every morning。

    改为否定句) _______________________________________________________   6 He speaks English very well改为否定句) ___________________________________________________   7 I like taking photos in the park对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________________   8 John comes from Canada对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________   9 She is always a good student改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________   10 Simon and Daniel like going skating改为否定句) ___________________________________________________   三、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)   1。

    Is your brother speak English? __________________   2 Does he likes going fishing? __________________   3 He likes play games after class __________________   4 Wu teachs us English __________________   5 She don‘t do her homework on Sundays _________________   语法及练习5 现在进行时   现在进行时   1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作   2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing   3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not   4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首   5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?   但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?   动词加ing的变化规则   1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking   2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting   3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping   现在进行时专项练习:   一、写出下列动词的现在分词:   play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ go_________   like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________   sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________   love_________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________   stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________   二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:   1。

    The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now   2 Listen Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom   3 My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now   4 What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?   5 Look They _______________( have) an English lesson   6They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now   7Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom   8What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music   9 It’s 5 o‘clock now We _____________(have)supper now 10。

    Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is   三、句型转换:   1 They are doing housework 分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________   2.The students are cleaning the classroom ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________   3.I’m playing the football in the playground 对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________   4.Tom is reading books in his study 。

    (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________   语法及练习6 将来时   将来时   一、概念:   表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等   二、基本结构:①be going to + do; ②will+ do   三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won‘t   例如:I’m going to h。

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