2022-2023年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）第30期

2022-2023年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Though steam engines have now passed the ______ of their usefulness, their heritage remains.问题1选项A.primeB.eraC.epochD.date【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. prime年富力强的时期；鼎盛时期 B. era时代；年代C. epoch纪元；时期 D. date日期；日子【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析解题思路】根据关键信息passed the ______ of their usefulness（过了它们使用的______）和主句their heritage remains（但它的传统依然存在）可推知，该句表示的是“即使蒸汽机过了当初的鼎盛时期，但它的传统依然存在至今”，空格处表示“鼎盛时期”符合句意，故该题选择A项干扰项排除】B、C项都是指历史上的一段时期，尤指发生重要事件或变化的时期，不符合句意；D项不符合句意句意】尽管蒸汽机现在已不再有用，但它的传统依然存在2. 单选题Passage twoPsychological tests are tools. Like all tools, their effectiveness depends on the knowledge, skill, and sincerity of the user. A hammer can be used to build a beautiful kitchen cabinet of it can be used as a weapon of assault. Like a hammer, intelligence tests can be used for positive purposes or they can be abusive. It is important for both the test constructor and the test examiner to be familiar with the current state of scientific knowledge about intelligence and intelligence tests.Even though they have limitations, intelligence tests are among psychology’s most widely used tools. To be effective, though, intelligence tests must be viewed realistically. They should not be thought of as a fixed, unchanging indicator of a person’s intelligence. They should also be used in conjunction with other information about a person and should not be relied upon as the sole indicator of whether a child should be placed in a special-education or gifted class. The child’s developmental history, medical background, performance in school, social competencies, and family experiences should be taken into account, too.The single number provided by many IQ tests can easily lead to stereotypes and expectations about a person. Many people do not know how to sweeping generalizations about a person are too often made on the basis of an IQ score. Imagine, for example, that you are a teacher sitting in the teacher’s lounge the day after school has started in the fall. You mention a student—Johnny Jones —and a fellow teacher remarks that she had Johnny in class last year, and goes on to say that he was a real dunce, pointing out that his IQ is 78. You cannot help but remember this information, and it may lead you to think that Johnny Jones is not very bright so it is useless to spend much time teaching him. In this way, IQ scores are misused and stereotypes are formed.26. According to the author, intelligence tests _______.27. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?28. The word “dunce” (Para. 3) stands for ______.29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _______.30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?问题1选项A.cannot be used as the indicator of a person’s intelligenceB.can be used for positive purposes and can also be misusedC.are widely used because it is the sole indicator of one’s intelligenceD.are not so effective due to their own shortcomings问题2选项A.The knowledge, skill and the sincerity of the user are the factors determining the effectiveness of the psychological test.B.Since the intelligence tests have limitations, their results are not reliable although they are used very often.C.A person’s intelligence can be measured with precision and accuracy if he or she takes an intelligence test.D.Whether a child should be placed in a gifted class can easily be decided by his performance in the intelligence test.问题3选项A.an average studentB.a slow learnerC.a dancing geniusD.a lazy boy or girl问题4选项A.low score in intelligence test indicate that one is a slow learnerB.intelligence tests are not scientific and must be prohibitedC.teacher should not treat students unequally according to their intelligence differenceD.intelligence tests are often misused and often lead to stereotype问题5选项A.The Merits of Intelligence Tests.B.The Use and Misuse of Intelligence Tests.C.The importance of Intelligence Tests.D.The Limitations of Intelligence Tests.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:D【解析】26.【选项释义】26. According to the author, intelligence tests _______. 26. 根据作者的观点，智力测试_______。

A. cannot be used as the indicator of a person’s intelligence A. 不能作为一个人智力的指标B. can be used for positive purposes and can also be misused B. 可以用于积极的目的，也可以被滥用C. are widely used because it is the sole indicator of one’s intelligence C. 被广泛使用是因为它是智力的唯一指标D. are not so effective due to their own shortcomings D. 不是因为自己的缺点才这么有效【答案】B【考查点】细节事实题解题思路】根据第一段第四句“就像一把锤子一样，智力测试可以被用于积极的目的，也可以被滥用”可知，作者认为智力测试可以用于积极目的，也可以被滥用，该题选择B项“可以用于积极的目的，也可以被滥用”符合题意干扰项排除】A项“不能作为一个人智力的指标”，根据第二段第三句“它们（智力测试）不应该被认为是一个人智力的固定不变的指标”可知，智力测试不应该是智力的唯一测试指标，但还是一个人智力的测试指标，该项属于曲解原文；C项“被广泛使用是因为它是智力的唯一指标”，第二段第一句提到“尽管智力测试有其局限性，但它仍是心理学领域使用最广泛的工具之一”，可知智力测试是广泛使用的工具之一，而不是唯一，该项属于曲解原文；D项“不是因为自己的缺点才这么有效”文中没有提及，该项属于无中生有。

27.【选项释义】27. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? 27. 根据文章，下列哪个陈述是正确的？A. The knowledge, skill and the sincerity of the user are the factors determining the effectiveness of the psychological test. A. 用户的知识、技能和真诚是决定心理测试效果的因素B. Since the intelligence tests have limitations, their results are not reliable although they are used very often. B. 由于智力测验有其局限性，尽管经常使用，但其结果并不可靠C. A person’s intelligence can be measured with precision and accuracy if he or she takes an intelligence test. C. 如果一个人参加智力测试，他或她的智力可以精确和准确地被测量。

D. Whether a child should be placed in a gifted class can easily be decided by his performance in the intelligence test. D. 一个孩子是否应该被分到天才班可以很容易地由他在智力测试中的表现来决定答案】A【考查点】细节事实题解题思路】根据第一段第二句“像所有工具一样，它们（心理测试）的有效性取决于用户的知识、技能和真诚”可知，用户的知识、技能和真诚决定了心理测试的有效性，故A项“用户的知识、技能和真诚是决定心理测试效果的因素”表述正确，该题选择A项干扰项排除】B项“由于智力测验有其局限性，尽管经常使用，但其结果并不可靠”，原文提到智力测试有局限性，但是没有强调智力测试的结果不可靠，该项属于曲解原文；C项“如果一个人参加智力测试，他或她的智力可以精确和准确地被测量”，根据第三段第一句“许多智商测试提供的单一数字很容易导致对一个人的刻板印象和期望”可知，智力测试的结果不一定是准确的，该项属于反向干扰；D项“一个孩子是否应该被分到天才班可以很容易地由他在智力测试中的表现来决定”，根据第二段第四句“它们（智力测试）也应该与关于一个人的其他信息一起使用，而不应该作为一个孩子是否应该接受特殊教育或天才班的唯一指标”可知，一个孩子是否应该被分到天才班不应该是通过智力测试中的表现就轻易地决定，该项属于反向干扰。

28.【选项释义】28. The word “dunce” (Para. 3) stands for ______. 28. 第三段中的单词“dunce”指的是______A. an average student A. 一个中等生B. a slow learner B. 一个缓慢的学习者C. a dancing genius C. 一个跳舞的天才D. a lazy boy or girl D. 一个懒男孩或者懒女孩【答案】B【考查点】词义推测题解题思路】根据关键词dunce定位至第三段第四句“你提到一个学生——约翰尼，然后一个老师说她去年让约翰尼上了课，接着又说他是一个真正的dunce，并指出他的智商是78”，从中可以看出，这个老师指出约翰尼的智商是78，说明这个老师并不是在说这个学生聪明，dunce是一个贬义词；结合下一句“你不禁记住这些信息，而它们可能会导致你认为约翰尼不是很聪明，所以花很多时间教他是没有用的”理解可知，花很多时间教这个学生没用，说明他学习速度慢，所以推测dunce表示“一个学习很慢的人”，故该题选择B项“一个缓慢的学习者”符合题意干扰项排除】A项“一个中等生”，中等生不代表学习缓慢，该项属于曲解原文；C项“一个跳舞的天才”和D项“一个懒男孩或者懒女孩”属于无中生有。

29.【选项释义】29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _______. 29. 从第三段可以推断_______A. low score in intelligence test indicate that one is a slow learner A. 智力测验得分低表明一个人学习能力较差B. intelligence tests are not scientific and must be prohibited B. 智力测试是不科学的，必须被禁止C. teacher should not treat students unequally according to their intelligence difference C. 教师不应该根据学生的智力差异不平等地对待他们D. intelligence tests are often misused and often lead to stereotype D. 智力测试经常被滥用，并导致刻板印象【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题解题思路】首先定位至原文第三段，第一句指出“许多智商测试提供的单一数字很容易导致对一个人的刻板印象和期望”，然后举了一个例子“例如，假设你是一名教师，在秋天放学后的一天坐在教师休息室里。

你提到一个学生——约翰尼，还有一个老师说她去年让约翰尼上了课，接着又说他是一个真正的笨蛋，并指出他的智商是78你不禁记住这些信息，而它们可能会导致你认为约翰尼不是很聪明，所以花很多时间教他是没有用的从中可知智商测试提供的单一数字让老师对学生形成了一个刻板印象；接着第三段最后一句指出“这样，智商分数就被滥用了，刻板印象也就形成了”，综合理解可以推断，老师不应该仅凭学生的智力测试结果来差别对待学生，C项“教师不应该根据学生的智力差异不平等地对待他们”符合这一分析，故该题选择C项干扰项排除】A项“智力测验得分低表明一个人学习能力较差”，第三段指出许多智商测试提供的单一数字很容易导致对一个人的刻板印象和期望，该项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；B项“智力测试是不科学的，必须被禁止”，第三段没有相关表述，该项属于曲解原文；D项“智力测试经常被滥用，并导致刻板印象”，第三段指出，凭借智商测试提供的单一数字很容易导致刻板印象，选项中的often并没有体现，该项属于曲解原文30.【选项释义】30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? 30. 下面哪个选项是这篇文章最好的标题？A. The Merits of Intelligence Tests. A. 智力测试的优点。

B. The Use and Misuse of Intelligence Tests. B. 智力测试的使用和滥用C. The importance of Intelligence Tests. C. 智力测试的重要性D. The Limitations of Intelligence Tests. D. 智力测试的局限性答案】D【考查点】主旨大意题解题思路】根据第一段中心句“就像一把锤子，智力测试可以被用于积极的目的，也可以被滥用”可知，智力测试既有优点，也有局限性；然后由第二段第二、三句“然而，要想有效地进行智力测试，就必须实事求是地看待它它们不应该被认为是一个人智力的固定不变的指标以及第三段第一句“许多智商测试提供的单一数字很容易导致对一个人的刻板印象和期望”可以推断出，文章整篇都在讨论智力测试的局限性，所以该题选择D项“智力测试的局限性”符合题意干扰项排除】A项“智力测试的优点”和C项“智力测试的重要性”，文中讨论的是智力测试的缺陷，这两项属于反向干扰；B项“智力测试的使用和滥用”，文中只提到了智力测试的滥用，该项属于以偏概全3. 单选题Passage 2Polyester (聚酯) is now being used for bottles, ICI, the chemicals and plastics company, believes that it is now beginning to break the grip of glass on the bottle business and thus take advantage of this huge market.All the plastics manufacturers have been experiencing hard times as their traditional products have been doing badly world-wide for the last few years. Between 1982 and 1984 the Plastics Division of ICI had lost a hundred and twenty million dollars, and they felt that the most hopeful new market was in packaging, bottles and cans.Since 1982 it has opened three new factories producing Melina, the raw material from which high quit polyester boles are made.The polyester bottle was born in the 1970s, when soft drinks companies like Coca Cola started selling their drinks in giant two-liter containers. Because of the build-up of the pressure of gas in these large containers, glass was unsuitable. Nor was PVC, the plastic which had been used for bottles since the 1960s, suitable for drinks with gas in them. A new plastic had to be made.Glass is still cheaper for the smaller bottles, and will continue to be so unless oil and plastic become much cheaper, but plastic does well for the larger sizes.Polyester bottles are virtually unbreakable. The manufacturers claim they are also lighter, less noisy when being handled, and can be reused. Shopkeepers and other business people are unlikely to object to a change from glass to polyester, since these bottles mean few breakages, which are costly and time-consuming. The public, though, have been more difficult to persuade.ICI’s commercial department is developing different bottles with interesting shapes, to try and make them visually more attractive to the public.The next step could be to develop a plastic which could replace tins for food. The problem here is the high temperatures necessary for cooking the food in the container.26. Plastics of various kinds have been used for making bottles ______.27. Why is ICI’s Plastics Division interested in polyester for bottles?28. Why aren’t all bottles tow made of polyester?29. Manufacturers think polyester bottles are better than glass bottles because they ______.30. Plastic containers for holding food in the same way as cans ______.问题1选项A.since 1982B.since the 1970s but only for large bottlesC.since the 1960s but not for liquids with gas in themD.since companies like Coca Cola first tried them问题2选项A.The other things they make are not selling well.B.Glass manufacturers cannot make enough new bottles.C.They have factories which could be adapted to make it.D.The price of oil keeps changing.问题3选项A.The price of oil and plastic has risen.B.It is not suitable for containing gassy drinks.C.The public like traditional glass bottles.D.Shop-keepers dislike reusable bottles.问题4选项A.are cheaperB.are more suited to small sitesC.are more exciting to look atD.do not break easily问题5选项A.have been used for many yearsB.are an idea that interests the plastics companiesC.are possible, but only for hot foodD.are the first things being made in the new factories【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】26.【选项释义】26. Plastics of various kinds have been used for making bottles ______. 26. ______，各种各样的塑料被用来制造瓶子。

A. since 1982 A. 自1982年以来B. since the 1970s but only for large bottles B. 自20世纪70年代以来，但只用于制作大瓶子C. since the 1960s but not for liquids with gas in them C. 自20世纪60年代以来，但不适用于含气体的液体D. since companies like Coca Cola first tried them D. 自可口可乐等公司首次尝试塑料以来【答案】C【考查点】细节事实题解题思路】根据第四段倒数第二句“自20世纪60年代以来就一直被用于制作瓶子的塑料聚氯乙烯也不适合含气体的饮料”理解可知，自20世纪60年代以来，塑料就被用于制作瓶子，但是不适合含气体的饮料，C项“自20世纪60年代以来，但不适用于含气体的液体”符合题意干扰项排除】A项“自1982年以来”是化工和塑料公司开设新工厂的时间，该项属于张冠李戴；B项“自20世纪70年代以来，但只用于制作大瓶子”，文中没有提到塑料只能用于制作大瓶子，只是提到塑料对于制作大瓶来说很好，该项属于曲解原文；D项“自可口可乐等公司首次尝试塑料以来”，文中只提到可口可乐等软饮料公司开始用两升的巨型容器销售饮料，没有说是第一次尝试，该项属于无中生有。

27.【选项释义】27. Why is ICI’s Plastics Division interested in polyester for bottles? 27. 为什么化工和塑料公司的塑料业务对聚酯瓶感兴趣？A. The other things they make are not selling well. A. 他们生产的其他东西卖得不好B. Glass manufacturers cannot make enough new bottles. B. 玻璃制造商无法生产足够的新瓶子C. They have factories which could be adapted to make it. C. 他们有工厂可以进行改造D. The price of oil keeps changing. D. 石油的价格一直在变化答案】A【考查点】推理判断题解题思路】根据第二段的内容“所有的塑料制造商都经历了困难时期，因为过去几年他们的传统产品在全球范围内的表现都很糟糕在1982年到1984年之间，化工和塑料公司的塑料业务损失了1.2亿美元，他们认为最有希望的新市场是包装、瓶子和易拉罐。

可知，塑料制造商过去几年的传统产品的表现很糟糕，甚至是造成损失，所以他们把目光投向了新市场：包装、瓶子和易拉罐；综合理解可以推断，化工和塑料公司的塑料业务之所以对聚酯瓶感兴趣，是因为他们生产的其他塑料用品销量不好，A项“他们生产的其他东西卖得不好”符合题意干扰项排除】B项“玻璃制造商无法生产足够的新瓶子”，根据第一段“聚酯现在正被用于瓶子制造，化工和塑料公司认为，聚酯现在正开始打破玻璃对瓶子业务的控制，因此他们可以利用这个巨大的市场”可知，化工和塑料公司是想利用这个市场打破玻璃对瓶子业务的垄断，并不是玻璃瓶产量不足，该项属于曲解原文；C项“他们有工厂可以进行改造”并不是塑料业务对聚酯瓶感兴趣的原因，该项属于曲解原文；D项“石油的价格一直在变化”文中没有提及，该项属于无中生有28.【选项释义】28. Why aren’t all bottles tow made of polyester? 28. 为什么不是所有的瓶子都是聚酯纤维做的？A. The price of oil and plastic has risen. A. 石油和塑料的价格已经上涨B. It is not suitable for containing gassy drinks. B. 不适合含气体的饮料。

C. The public like traditional glass bottles. C. 公众喜欢传统的玻璃瓶D. Shop-keepers dislike reusable bottles. D. 店主不喜欢可重复使用的瓶子答案】C【考查点】推理判断题解题思路】根据第六段最后两句“店主和其他商人不太可能反对从玻璃改为聚酯，因为这些瓶子意味着很少的破损，这是昂贵和耗时的然而，公众却很难被说服可知，店主和商人同意把玻璃瓶换成聚酯瓶，但公众却很难被说服，推断可知，公众还是更喜欢传统的玻璃瓶该题选择C项“公众喜欢传统的玻璃瓶”符合题意干扰项排除】A项“石油和塑料的价格已经上涨”，根据第五段“对于小瓶来说，玻璃还是比较便宜的，而且会继续如此，除非石油和塑料变得更便宜”可知，除非石油和塑料变得更便宜，不然的话，玻璃制作小瓶子更便宜，但是这并不意味着石油和塑料的价格已经上涨，该项属于曲解原文；B项“不适合含气体的饮料”根据第四段第一句“聚酯瓶诞生于20世纪70年代，当时可口可乐等软饮料公司开始用两升的巨型容器销售饮料”可知，聚酯瓶适合含气体的饮料，该项属于反向干扰；D项“店主不喜欢可重复使用的瓶子”与原文相反，该项属于反向干扰。

29.【选项释义】29. Manufacturers think polyester bottles are better than glass bottles because they ______. 29. 制造商认为聚酯瓶比玻璃瓶更好，因为他们______A. are cheaper A. 更便宜B. are more suited to small sites B. 更适合小型场地C. are more exciting to look at C. 看起来更刺激D. do not break easily D. 不容易破碎【答案】D【考查点】细节事实题解题思路】根据第六段前两句“聚酯瓶实际上是牢不可破的（unbreakable）制造商声称，它们也更轻，在处理时噪音更小，并且可以重复使用理解可知，制造商认为聚酯瓶是牢不可破的，也就是说他们不容易破碎，该题选择D项“不容易破碎”符合题意干扰项排除】A项“更便宜”根据第五段“对于小瓶来说，玻璃还是比较便宜的，而且会继续如此……”可知，聚酯瓶不比玻璃瓶便宜，该项属于反向干扰；B项“更适合小型场地”和C项“看起来更刺激”文中没有提及，这两项属于无中生有。

30.【选项释义】30. Plastic containers for holding food in the same way as cans ______. 30. 用和罐头一样的方式装食物的塑料容器______A. have been used for many years A. 已经使用了很多年B. are an idea that interests the plastics companies B. 是一个引起塑料公司兴趣的想法C. are possible, but only for hot food C. 是可能的，但只能装热的食物D. are the first things being made in the new factories D. 是新工厂生产的第一批产品【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题解题思路】根据题干定位至最后一段“下一步可能是开发一种可以代替食品罐头的塑料”，也就是说可以代替装食品的罐子的塑料还没有被开发出来，但是塑料公司已经有这样的想法，所以推断开发装食物的塑料容器是一个引起塑料公司兴趣的想法，该题选择B项“是一个引起塑料公司兴趣的想法”符合题意干扰项排除】A项“已经使用了很多年”和D项“是新工厂生产的第一批产品”，根据原文可知，可以代替装食品的罐子的塑料还没有被开发出来，所以这两项属于反向干扰；C项“是可能的，但只能装热的食物”，文章最后一句指出“这里的问题是烹饪容器中的食物所必需的高温”可知，要开发出能够装食物的塑料容器首先要解决的问题是如何让塑料承受食物烹饪中所需要的高温，所以该项属于反向干扰。

4. 单选题Ten days ago the young man informed his boss of his intention to ______.问题1选项A.resignB.rejectC.retreatD.replace【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. resign辞职，辞去（某职务） B. reject拒绝接受；不予考虑C. retreat退却；撤退 D. replace代替，取代【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析解题思路】根据关键信息informed his boss（通知了他的老板）可推知，空格处表示“辞职”符合句意，该题选择A项干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意句意】10天前，这个年轻人告诉他的老板他打算辞职5. 单选题He found the ______ media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.问题1选项A.sufficientB.constantC.steadyD.plenty【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. sufficient足够的；充足的 B. constant连续发生的；不断的C. steady（发展、增长等）稳步的，持续的 D. plenty大量；很多adv.【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。

解题思路】根据intolerable（无法忍受的）可推知，media attention（媒体关注）是连续不断的，空格处表示“不断的”，该题选择B项干扰项排除】A、C项不符合句意；D项是副词，不符合句子语法结构句意】他无法忍受媒体不断的关注，决定出国6. 单选题On the side of the hill, there is a ______ which was once the entrance to a gold mine.问题1选项A.deep hole in groundB.hole deep in groundC.deep hole in the groundD.deep in the ground hole【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. deep hole in ground B. hole deep in groundC. deep hole in the ground D. deep in the ground hole【答案】C【考查点】搭配解题思路】hole是名词，deep是形容词，故deep应该放在hole前面，而in the ground是固定搭配，表示“在地下”，所以该题选择C项。

干扰项排除】A项in ground用法不正确，故排除；B、D项不符合句子语法结构句意】在山的一边，有一个深洞在地面上，这个洞曾经是金矿的入口7. 单选题 Universities are being given job ______ by companies and individuals and set out to approve their reliability and reputation before accepting service request.问题1选项A.virusesB.victimsC.vacationsD.vacancies【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. viruses病毒 B. victims受害者C. vacations假期 D. vacancies（职位的）空缺；（旅馆等的）空房【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析解题思路】根据关键信息Universities are being given job（工作提供给了大学）可知，空格处表示“职位”，而vacancy可以表示职位的空缺，故该题选择D项符合句意干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意句意】公司和个人向大学提供职位空缺，在接受服务请求之前，大学会先确认这些职位的可靠性和声誉。

8. 翻译题Beginning in childhood, parents encourage or limit future romantic liaisons by electing certain neighborhoods and schools.【答案】从童年开始，父母就通过选择特定的社区和学校来鼓励或限制未来的恋爱关系9. 单选题They are well ______ with each other since they once studied in the same university.问题1选项A.acquaintedB.recognizedC.acknowledgedD.identified【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. acquainted熟悉；了解 B. recognized辨别出；意识到C. acknowledged承认（属实） D. identified确认；认出【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析解题思路】根据since原因状语从句的内容“因为他们曾在同一所大学学习”可推知，They are well ______ with each other表示的是“他们互相了解、熟悉对方”，所以空格处表示“熟悉”，而be acquainted with也是常见搭配，表示“与……相识；了解”，所以该题选择A项。

干扰项排除】B、C项不符合句意；D项指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等，不符合句意句意】因为他们曾在同一所大学学习，所以彼此很熟悉10. 单选题Jim’s close ______ to his brother made people mistake them for one another.问题1选项A.accuracyB.confusionC.probabilityD.resemblance【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. accuracy精确，准确 B. confusion困惑；混乱C. probability可能性；概率 D. resemblance相似，相像【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析解题思路】按照句意“吉姆和他哥哥的______使人们误以为他们是彼此”可推知，吉姆兄弟俩让人们认不出来，说明吉姆和他哥哥长得相似，resemblance是指与某人或某物相似或看起来相似，与介词to搭配使用，故该题选择D项干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意句意】吉姆和他哥哥长得很像，这使人们误以为他们是彼此11. 单选题 He has been ______ of murdering the Japanese visitor.问题1选项A.blamedB.chargedC.accusedD.arrested【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. blamed责怪；指责 B. charged收（费）；控诉C. accused控告；控诉 D. arrested逮捕；拘留【答案】C【考查点】动词辨析。

解题思路】根据关键信息murdering the Japanese visitor（谋杀日本游客）可推知，空格处应该填入“指控、控诉”，而由介词of可知，be accused of是固定用法，表示“被指控”，故该题选择C项干扰项排除】A项不符合句意；B项要与with搭配，charge sb. with sth.表示“控告某人某事”；D项要与for搭配使用，arrest sb. for sth.表示“因某事逮捕某人”句意】他被指控谋杀了那名日本游客12. 单选题Passage 3The process of perceiving others is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint (强调) his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly—perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain formation about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for, deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli (刺激因素), asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her, and using various strategies in f。