2022高考英语一轮选训习题 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors（含解析）新人教版选修8

2022高考英语一轮选训习题 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors（含解析）新人教版选修8一、阅读理解The story of Sir Nicholas Winton is the one that you would imagine could only happen on the silver screen. Sir Nicholas Winton was a British man who went to heroic efforts, potentially putting himself at risk, during World War II. Sir Winton was responsible for ensuring the safety of six hundred and sixty-nine Jewish children by aiding their escape from countries occupied by Nazis. Finally, the Jewish children were brought to England where he worked to make sure families in his native country would help the kids by taking them into their homes.Recently, this unbelievable story has again been making the rounds on the Internet, particularly after a rerun of the BBC show called “That’s Life”, which featured Sir Winton. People around the world were moved at the details of the story, with saying it to be the best story they’ve ever seen.Sir Winton kept his entire plan pletely secret, even his wife had no idea about his planning until fifty years later. After the war, years passed and many people remained in the dark about Sir Winton’s extraordinary achievement. Some fifty years later, his wife Greta was searching in their house and discovered a Winton’s notebook which documented the names of all the children. She worked with BBC and they produced a TV episode (插曲) of their program “That’s Life” that served as an honor for Sir Winton’s work.In 2003, Sir Winton was knighted by the Queen of England for his work. He also was even nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize. He also had a small planet named after him by Czech astronomers. Sir Winton died peacefully in his sleep at the old age of one hundred and six, in 2015. Leaders around the world paid tribute (悼念). Israel’s ambassador to the United Kingdom, Daniel Taub, said, “He was a hero of our time, having saved 669 Jewish children from Nazis. His story, as a point of light in a period of darkness, will forever be remembered.”1.What happened to the 669 Jewish children?A. They were killed by Nazis.B. They returned to their own homes.C. They fled to their native countries.D. They were raised by English families.2.What made Winton’s story spread widely?A. People’s chatting online. B. The program “That’s Life”.C. His wife’s promotion. D. Praises from some leaders.3.Which of the following can replace the underlined expression “remained in the dark’, in Paragraph 3?A. felt doubtful B. remained movedC. knew nothing D. criticized something4.What do we know about Winton?A. He was born in 1909. B. Nazis tried to arrest him.C. He named a small planet. D. Many children paid tribute to him.【文章大意】文章主要讲述Sir Nicholas Winton在纳粹期间帮助669个犹太孩子逃到英国的故事。

如今而且BBC把这一故事搬上荧幕，让大众知道在黑暗时期还有这样一个英雄给人们带来光明1.D 【解析】细节理解题根据文章第一段中的“Finally, the Jewish children were brought to England where he worked to make sure families in his native country would help the kids by taking them into their homes.”可知，669个犹太人孩子被带到了英国，并由英国家庭收养3.C 【解析】词义猜测题根据前面的句意可知，Sir Nicholas Winton一直对自己的英雄事迹保密，甚至是他的妻子所以，此处应为不为人们所知道4.A 【解析】细节理解题根据最后一段中“Sir Winton died peacefully in his sleep at the old age of one hundred and six, in 2015.”可知，Sir Winton 生于1909年二、完形填空One day when I was 13，my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire.We didn't see the fire __2__ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I __3__ to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in __4__ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a(n)__5__ and knew what to do. __6__ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he __7__ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets and the sprayer，and began spraying the __8__ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind __9__，however，and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began to stamp(踩灭) out the flames as he moved to the __10__，so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate.__11__ he arrived at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove __12__ the fire.Then the fire was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her __13__ eyes.After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became __14__，asking him what other jobs he had done before he __15__.Well，it turned out that he had done just about __16__ except brain surgery!He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had __17__ him to retire.My father has a blood disorder as a result of that __18__，but that hasn't stopped him from being a full­time electrician.To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be __19__ of them，and remember that some day their __20__ might save your life.1．A.prevented B．permittedC．witnessed D．started 2．A.because B．unlessC．after D．until3．A.wanted B．managedC．promised D．happened4．A.anger B．horrorC．excitement D．embarrassment5．A.carpenter B．electricianC．firefighter D．educator6．A.Armed B．SatisfiedC．Shared D．Identified7．A.slid B．fellC．dashed D．walked8．A.trees B．grassC．flames D．flowers9．A.died off B．took onC．turned out D．picked up10．A.fence B．truckC．furniture D．bucket11．A.If B．OnceC．Since D．While12．A.through B．alongC．over D．across13．A.high B．wideC．fast D．far14．A.curious B．suspiciousC．concerned D．anxious15．A.moved B．resignedC．retired D．suffered16．A.everything B．nothingC．something D．anything17．A.allowed B．encouragedC．invited D．forced18．A.fire B．accidentC．attempt D．explanation19．A.afraid B．proudC．careful D．ashamed20．A.culture B．learningC．skills D．languages【解题导语】本文作者通过讲述火灾中父亲扑灭大火的故事，告诉我们曾经在部队和做过其他危险工作的父亲将来某一天可能会用他们的技能拯救我们的生命，我们应为他们感到骄傲。

核心词汇】as a result of由于，因为(其后跟宾语)be proud of为……感到骄傲1．D　根据该句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire”可知，此处表示一场火灾开始了D项意为“开始，使开始发生”，符合语境prevent“阻止”；permit“允许”；witness“目击”2．D　直到大火堵住了通往唯一的门的路，我们才发现大火此处考查“not...until...”结构3．A　根据语境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳过篱笆，到达安全地带，可是大火包围了我们manage“设法做成”；promise“许诺”；happen“发生”4．B　由上文可知，大火包围了我们，“我”只能惊恐地看着火焰继续上升in horror“惊恐地”；in anger“生气地”；in excitement“兴奋地”；in embarrassment“尴尬地”5．C　根据第二段第一句中的“my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父亲曾经是一名消防员carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“电工”；educator“教育工作者”。

6．A　本题考查be armed with的省略结构作状语，意为“用……装备或武装”，故选A项satisfied“满意的，满足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨认的”7．C　根据语境可知，父亲应该是冲(dashed)向最近的池塘slide“滑行”8．C　根据上下文可知，此处指开始用水喷向火焰(flames)9．D　根据语境可知，此处表示然而很快，风又变强了pick up“变大，变强”，符合语境die off“相继死去，先后死去”；take on“呈现，开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；turn out“结果是，证明是”10．B　根据下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知，父亲走向卡车11．B　考查连词A项意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；B项意为“一……就……，一旦”，引导时间状语从句；C项“自……以来，因为，既然”；D项“当……时候，尽管”由上下文可知，此处指父亲一到达大门，就跳进了卡车里故选B项12．A　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过through“通过，穿过”，表示运动发生在某物的空间内；along“沿着”；over“在……上面”；across“从一边到另一边，横过”，表示动作发生在物体的表面。

13．B　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过，火最终被扑灭了，所以母亲睁大(wide)眼睛看着父亲14．A　根据下文中的“asking him what other jobs he had done”可知，我们是很好奇的(curious)suspicious“怀疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(与某事)有关的，有牵连的”； anxious“焦虑的，不安的，担心的”15．C　根据语境可知，我们问父亲在退休(retired)之前还做过其他什么工作下文中的“to retire”也是提示16．A　根据第三段对父亲退休前工作的描述可知，父亲做过很多事情，所以此处指除了做脑外科手术之外，父亲几乎什么都做过everything except“除了……之外什么都……”符合语境17．D　由上下文可知，那场事故迫使(forced)父亲退休18．B　根据上下文可知，此处指那场事故(accident)attempt“尝试”； explanation“解释”19．B　be proud of “为……感到骄傲”符合语境ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的，内疚的，惭愧的”20．C　根据上文可知，此处指他们的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。

三、七选五(2018·潍坊模拟)Temper tantrums(发怒) range from crying to screaming, kicking, hitting, and breath holding. They're equally mon in boys and girls and mostly happen between the ages of one to three. __1__， and others have them rarely. Tantrums are a normal part of child development. They are the way young children show they're upset or frustrated(沮丧的). Tantrums may happen when kids are tied, hungry, or unfortable; or because they can't get something (for example, an object or a parent) to do what they want. __2__.Tantrums are mon during the second year of life, a time when language skills are starting to develop. Because young children at this age can't yet say what they want, feel, or need, a frustrating experience may cause a tantrum. __3__. __4__ — more than they may be able to handle. This can lead to power struggles as a child thinks “I can do it myself” or “I want it, give it to me”. When kids discover that they can't do it and can't have everything they want, they may have a tantrum.So try to prevent tantrums from happening in the first place, whenever possible. Give plenty of positive attention. Get in the habit of catching your child being good. Reward your little one with praise and attention for positive behaviors. Most importantly, keep your cool when responding to a tantrum. Don't plicate the problem with your own frustration or anger. __5__. So you need to be calm, too.A．Some kids may smile all the dayB．Some kids may have tantrums oftenC．You may wonder how long a tantrum will lastD．As language skills improve, tantrums tend to decreaseE．Kids want independence and control over their environmentF．Learning to deal with frustration is a skill that children gain over timeG．Remind yourself that your job is helping your child learn to calm down【文章大意】　本文是一篇科普类说明文。

文章介绍了1岁到3岁的孩子容易发怒的原因及这种情绪得到缓解的原因，告诫家长应当遇事冷静，并帮助孩子们养成冷静的习惯1．答案与解析：B　根据上文“They're equally mon in boys and girls and mostly happen between the ages of one to three.”可知，1岁到3岁的孩子发怒很正常；结合该句中的“and others have them rarely”可知，一些孩子可能会经常发怒，但是另一些孩子很少发怒故B项正确2．答案与解析：F　空格处在该段结尾，其作用是总结该段内容并引起下段内容；通读该段内容可知，该段主要陈述孩子发怒是表现他们不开心或沮丧的方式，下段内容是说随年龄增长，孩子们的语言技能得到提升，他们也就不那么容易发怒了F项“久而久之，孩子们就拥有处理这种沮丧的技能了承上启下故F项正确3．答案与解析：D　根据空格上一句“Because young children at this age can't yet say what they want, feel, or need, a frustrating experience may cause a tantrum.”可知，处在这个年龄阶段的孩子由于无法用言语表达他们的需要，所以会发怒。

D项“随着语言技能的提高，发怒的行为将会减少承接上文，符合语境故D项正确4．答案与解析：E　根据该段第二句“This can lead to power struggles as a child thinks ‘I can do it myself’ or ‘I want it, give it to me’．”可知，孩子们总是在想“我能自己完成”“我想要，给我吧”；据此可以判断，E项“孩子们总是想要独立，控制他们的环境与该段内容相符故E项正确5．答案与解析：G　根据空格后一句“So you need to be calm, too.”可知，该处建议遇到问题首先自己要冷静G项“你要想着你的工作就是帮你的孩子学会冷静与此构成因果关系，衔接紧密故G项正确四、书面表达阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事Afel was only a very small boy when he first saw snow. But it wasn’t real snow that he saw. Actually, there was no real snow where he lived. He saw the snow in a picture book, which had lots of pictures of children playing in big white fields.He dreamed about snow all the time, trying to imagine how it really was. He thought of big white fields. He thought of the big, heavy clothes the children playing in the snow wore. He thought about feeling cold. He dreamed of being able to fly across the white fields of snow.Then, when Afel was twelve years old, the next thing happened. One day when he was watching TV at his uncle’s house. His uncle had a big new TV, with all the satellite channels. Afel was watching one of the satellite channels, and a program full of snow came on. And not only snow. There were people flying across the snow. They looked like fantastic birds. They had hats which covered all their heads and big goggles(护目镜) over their eyes. They wore brightly-colored clothes. And on their feet, they had things that looked like strange shoes.＂What are those?＂ he asked his uncle excitedly.＂They are skis,＂ replied his uncle. ＂And those people are called skiers.＂ Afel was in love. Here was the snow, and here were people who were flying across the snow. At that moment, he decided, he wanted to be a skier.He asked his uncle what the program was. ＂The Winter Olympics,＂ said his uncle. ＂It’s like the normal Olympics, but for sports where you need snow — skiing, ice skating, bobsleigh, those sorts of things. They have it every four years.＂＂Perfect,＂ he thought. ＂Enough time for me to bee a brilliant skier. Then I’ll go to the next Winter Olympics, and win the gold medal for skiing.＂＂But there’s no snow here!＂ people told him. ＂Where are you going to ski?＂注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1:Afel didn’t care.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:So every night, out in the middle of the desert, Afel practiced skiing down sand hills.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】One possible version:Paragraph 1：（第一段）Afel didn’t care. He made himself a pair of skis from two pieces of wood. He tied them to his feet and practiced skiing holding two sticks in his hands as the professional skiers do. At first he couldn’t move, but he practiced and practiced and practiced until he could move quite quickly across the sand or the earth. He tried to fly down sand hills like the skiers on TV, but he couldn’t. He could only move slowly. But he told himself this was not the reason why he stopped making efforts.Paragraph 2：（第二段）So every night, out in the middle of the desert, Afel practiced skiing down sand hills. He dreamed that the yellow sand of the desert and brown earth were the white fields of snow he saw in the book and on the television. He dreamed that the yellow sand and brown earth were as gold as the medal he would bring home with him, when he was the world champion in the Winter Olympics.前文概要：Afel生活在一个见不到真正的雪的地方，但自他在一本图画书中见到雪之后，就对其充满好奇并爱上了这种神奇的东西。

一天，Afel在他叔叔家的电视上看到了冬季奥运会的滑雪项目，并深深地被吸引了，他下定决心要成为一个出色的滑雪者，参加下一届冬季奥运会并获得金牌但人们提醒他说他们所生活的地方没有雪思路导航：Paragraph 1的开头是＂Afel并不在意＂，暗示接下来的内容会涉及Afel如何在没有雪的情况下自己制作滑雪用具，克服一切困难努力成为一个滑雪者，而Afel最初的尝试可能会遇到一些挫折写作时可能会用到的画线词有skis， skiers， TV等Paragraph 2的开头是＂因此，每天晚上在外面的沙漠中间，Afel都会练习着从沙丘上滑下来＂，这表明下文讲的可能是Afel以一种特别的方式练习滑雪，把黄黄的沙漠想象成白白的雪场，并以奥运金牌来激励自己等写作时可能会用到的画线词有the white fields of snow， Winter Olympics， medal等。