硕士论文缺席者的在场文心雕龙神思篇四种英译文解构策略研究

贵州大学硕士学位论文“缺席者的在场”:《文心雕龙·神思》篇四种英译文解构策略研究姓名:李星颐申请学位级别:硕士专业:英语语言文学指导教师:费小平20080501一文论术语的翻译本文通过考察,提出翻译不是保持不变的行为,.而是一个揭示差异的场,因此作为译者,应当通过翻译来揭示源文与译文的差异,并且译者们所揭示的译本间的差异使得各译本与源文本互相共存,为源文在异语境中带来新生..第三章以解构主义翻译的观点,将四个解构策略分别应用到对句式的考察中.1.从替补角度出发,考察四种译本对于句子:“古人霎,形在江海之上,心存魏朗之下,神思之鹚也”作为定义句型及其作为骈文特色之一的典故的处理认为译者应尽可能的将注释作为替补手段表达出缺席文化因素的在场2.从踪迹角度来考察四种译本对于句子:“陶钧文思,贵在虚静,疏瀹五藏,澡雪精神”中互文结构以及文化内涵的翻译认为译者应在其翻译中追寻并表达出源意在源语文化中的踪迹,而众译者的各译本中各踪迹间彼此形成意义的链条,使源文本中隐在的、缺席的文化传统在其译文中得到在场的表达3.从播撒的角度分析句子:“文之思也,其神速矣,故寂然凝虑,思接千载”之中异词同意的结构,认为源意无法孤立的在场,其意义在源文中被播撤出来,因此译者亦应使用不同的译词将其不同层面的涵义尽量在译文中播撤出来,同时也不应当将某一种译文作为对其终极的翻译,而应有更多的,不同的译本来将之含义四处播撒,通过各译本间的差异来传达出源文本的在场。
4.从延搁的角度考察句子“至於思表缦旨,文外曲致,言所不追,簟固知止"中词组两两交互使用的结构在四种译本中的处理,认为正如此句所说,对于翻译中微妙的纤旨曲致,译者应当将之延搁起来,避免翻译中的文化缺失从而使其能够在异语境中重获新生第四章为结论首先以表格形式总结出本文所讨论的主要观点,重申了由‘文心雕龙・神思》篇中“神思"这一关键词及上述考察之句式所证明为有效的延搁、替补、播撒、踪迹这四种解构主义翻译策略其次,陈述在中西文论对话的语境下,解构主义翻译策略对于翻译古伴血籍的音义最后,提出本文的局限性,以及尚须进一步研究的问题关键词:神思,翻译,延搁,踪迹,替补,播撒,骈体“TheAbsenteePresence',:AStudyofDeconstructiveStrategyintheEnglishTranslationoftheFourVersionsof“WenXinDiaoLong.ShenSi”Speciality:EnglishLanguageandliteratureSupervisor:ProfessorFeiXiaopingOrientation:TranslationStudiesandCulturalStudies.M.ACandidate:LiXiIlgyiAbstractHowtotranslateaChinesecanoninEnglishcontextfelicitousl妒Academically,thisissueasawholeisrecentlycomingintovogue,andpeople’sopinionsaredivergentOIlsuchacomplexandcontroversialissue.InmypoiIltofview,translatorsshould仃ytoprotectthedistinctculturalelementsinacanonlikeWenXinDiao£D,咨fromlosing,beingmisread,anddistortionintranslatingaspossible.Anddeconstructivetranslationtheorycanberegardedasabetter,ifitisnotthebest,waytorealizeit.B嵋howtotranslateac搬lonlikeWenXinDiao幻喈wi也amyriadofdistinctelementsintoEnglishwithoutsignificantculturalloss嬲possible?Movingontothecaseofthec愿nonWenXinDiao幻馏thatwasbornintheendofQiDynastyenjoyingasignificantstatusinChineseliteraryhistory笛oneofthegreatestpiecesonliterarycritictheory,itismeaningfultOdiscussthetranslationsofth.edistinctliterarytermsandsentenc.>,,=sbyvarioustranslators’hands.Ontheotherhand,sincethelastcentury,de虻onstructionhashadagreatinfluenceOnmoderntranslationtheories.Ithasbrokentheillusionthatthereispossibletobeasteadytranslation舶moriginallanguagetotargetlanguage.Particularly,involvingauniqueliteraryterm,thereisunlikely跹ultimatetranslation,butonlytheinterpretation’sfragmentsdisseminatedinaversion,01"even,amongvariousversions.Nonetheless,intheilu‘merousstudies011耽nX/nDiaoLong,includingtheovc'rscasstudies,fewofthemhasanalyzedthetranslationofthekeyterms,forexample“ShenSi’’inthepassageof“Shensi”whielaisabletobetreated觞the01atlineofliterarycreationtheoryinWenX/nDiaoLong..Thusinthisthesis,thefourstrategiesofdeeonstruetiontranslationtheory:differanee,trace,dissemination,andsupplement,areemployedtoanalyzethetermsanddistinct¥crltcncesthrou曲tracingoftheoriginalmeanings,thoughtsandcomparingthemwithrelevantwesterntermstodemonstratethatdeeonstruetiontranslationtheoryCallbeconsidered豳锄outstandingwaytotranslatetheancientChincscdiscourses,and∞ncontributetothere-buildingofChinescliterarydiscourseinEnglishcontext:.InchapterOllC,thereisabrieflyintroductionaboutthetextWen砌Diao幻略anditsrelevantresearches,thenthemethodologies,assumptionsandeontributiomofthisthesiswillalsobegenerallystated.‘Inchaptertwo。
thereisadescriptionOilhowthekeyterm“ShenSi’’inthosefourversionsistranslatedbythefourdifferenttranslators,andalsoallanalysisonthetopictos∞iftranslatorshaveeffectivelyachievedthetranslationOZ'misreaditsconnotationsfromtheperspectivesofdeconstructivetranslationtheory.Inchapterthree,separately,thereareclosestudiesOnthetranslationsofseveralsentencescontainingdistinctconnotationsandsyntacticstructureslikethedefinitionsentclaee:“古人霪,形在江海之上,心存魏蹋之下,神思之胡也”fromtheaspectofsupplementandtheauthorofthethesisconcludesthatsinceemployingallusionsservesasthecharacteristicofancientChine∞parallelprose,whentranslatingsuchasentellc,e,translatorsneedtoadoptfootnotesorf1.I/'therinterpretation觞supplementtopresenttheculturalfactorsbetweenlines;and“陶钧文思,寅在虚静,疏瀹五藏,澡雪精神”fromtheaspectoftraceandtheauthorofthethesisconcludestllatsincetheancientChineseparallelproseisinter-textual,notonlytheinter-textualorionaltextbutalsotranslationversionsexist嬲thetracesoftheoriginalmeaningsandtranslatorsshouldtrytopresentthedistinctstructureintranslation;thenextdiscussionis011theiiitranslationofthesentencesuch勰:“文之思也,其神速矣,故寂然凝虑,思接千载”fromtheaspectofdisseminationandtheauthorofthethesisgetstheconclusionthattranslatorsshoulddisseminatethev撕etyofongirlalmea.nJngbothinasingleversion’scontextandamongversions;thefinalanalysisisonthesentence“至於思表缴旨,文外曲致,言所不追,肇固知止”fromtheaspectofdiffcranccandtheauthorofthethesisconcludesthatjust勰thewords’self-telling,translatorsshoulddiffcranccthesubtleconnotationsintheoriginalforthatisthewaytogivetheoriginaltextafter-lifeintargetlanguage.Chapterfouristheconclusiontosumupthetranslationsanalyzedintheabovechapters诵macompletetl'aoe¥’mapreassertingthattheoriginalmeaningisdissen:li]natedinandamongversionsintofragmentsservingasthesupplanentsforeachother.Andthesignificanceofthedeconstructivetranslationinthecontextofthecommunicationb咖呦Chinaandthewestinliterarytheoryispointedoutalso.Thenthisthesis’limitationsandquestionstObefurthereddiscussedaleexpressedinthischapter.Keywords:ShenSi,translation,diffcrance,trace,dissemination,supplement,ancientChineseparallelprose原创性声明本人郑重声明:所呈交的学位论文,是本人在导师的指导下,独●立进行研究所取得的成果。
除文中已经注明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的科研成果对本文的研究曾做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明本人完全意识到本声明的法律责任由本人承担论文作者签名:日期:至Q选生宰旦关于学位论文使用授权的声明一糊』竣椭建垫飙幽AcknowledgementsInthethreeyearsofbeingagraduatestudent,therearesomepeoplegiveme也eirhands.・Aboveall,1wouldliket0appreciatemysupervisor,ProfessorFeiXiaopingespeciallyforhenotonlyoffersmealotofacademicinformation,widensmyknowledge,butalsoteachesmehowtoconductmyselftobeanuprightperson.Moreover,intheprocessofwritingmythesis,with8seriousattitude,hepatientlyinstructedandinspiredmeandgavememanyhelpfulsuggestionsalways.Idolearnalotfrommyprofessor.And1wouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetomyparentsandotherfamiliesfortheirsupport.Next,IamsogratefultoallofmyteacherswhohaveofferedmewonderfullecturesandbeenencouragingmeovermystudyinginGuizhouUniversity,andtheyare"ProfessorXuMingde,ProfessorWangZlfiyun,ProfessorLiuZhiliang,especiallymyf.0rei弘teacherMike娜Intheend,1willthankallmyfi'iendsandclassmatesfortheirhelpandforbeingtherewhenIneededthem.Chapter1Introduction1.1LiteratureRenewWen)anDiao历增by“uXie(465—520)isallexcellentliteraryandcritictheorymonographbomintheendperiodofQiDynastyofChina,whichoccupiesaveryimportantstatusintheliteraryhisto巧ofQliIlaandenjoysthegreatfameofbeingunique.InthelonghistoryofChina,thisbookwaspublishedforamyriadoftimes,andalotofancientscholarshadcommentsaboutit.Eveninmodemtime,theresearchesaboutthismasterpiecearcnulnerous.ThemainworksaleWenXinDiaoLongZa.尼byHuangKarl(黄侃‘文心雕能割就》),WenXinDiaoLongZhubyFanWenLan(筢文蠲《文心雕蘸注》),WenXinDiaoLongJ/aoZhuby.YangMingZhao,(裼明照‘文心雕旄校注》),WenXinDiaoLongdiangShubyWangYuanHua(王元化‘文心雕匏耩疏》),ZhouZhenfudiangWenXinDiaoLongbyZhouZhenfu(周振甫<周振甫莆(文心雕蘸)>)andSOOn.AndaccordingtothedatafromThe脚HistoryofWen)anDiao幻增byZhangShaoKang(强少康<文心雕能研究史》),justinthetwentiethcentury,thereare215researchbooksand2900piecesofthesisonWenXinDiaoLong.SothenumberofworksillustratesthethrivingandprosperousofWenXinDiao幻馏studies.Furthermore,thestudiesofthemasterpieceatenotonlyflourishedinChina,alsothemonographcatchesoverseasscholars’alotofattentionandthenhasbeentranslatedintovariouskindsoflanguages,suchasEnglish,Japanese,Italian,French,andKoreanincountries.AndtheEnglishversionswiththe.translationofthewholebookwhichhavebeenpublishedarc:The幻D七ofliterarydesignbythescholarsSiu-kitWong,AllanChung-hangLoandKwong-taiLain;TheBterarymindandthecavingofdragonsbyVincentYu-ChungShin.AndtheselecttranslationsaretheversionsdoneseparatelybythescholarsStephenOwen,YangGuobin,andtheYangxianyicouple.Asthefirstonewhoachievedthecompletetranslation,ProfessorV'mcentYu-ChungShindidagreatjob.Hisversioncontains298pages.Besidesthetext’stranslation,therestillatethepartsofthe‘‘Introduction'’,‘‘Preface'’,‘‘Glossary",and“Index”offeringfurtherinterpretationontheworksofWenXinDiaoLong.AnothertranslatorisProfessorYangGuobinfrommainlandofChina,whousesProfessorShin’Sversionasthereferenceafterhisfinishingonechapter’Stranslation.Soinsomeplaces,ProfessorYangGuobinshowsmoreimprovementthanProfessorShin.SinceProfessorYangGuobin’sversionisasapartofhisdoctoraldissertation,itisapitythatthereisno‘‘Glossary"and‘‘Index"inhisversion,whichmakeshisworkseemincompletetoacertainextent.Asaforei盟scholar,itispalpabletoseethatProfessorStephenOwenhasdonealloutstandingjob,becausehistranslationconsistsofthemostnotations,commentsandtermsofindexinthefourtranslatorsdiscussedinthisthesis.HeadoptsnotonlyEnglishwordstotranslate,butalsoPinYin,andevenChin粼charactersdirectlyinhisversion.Inaddition,healsoemploysthemethodof::putting‘‘Glossary"and“Index’’inthetranslationtointerpretsometypicalChineseliterarytermsinafurtherstep.Maybebccanseheeditsthisbookforhisgraduatedstudentstousemainly,hisversionseemsmoreprofessionalasawhole.Thenextversionanalyzedinmythesisis刀lPBD如ofLiteraryDesignbythescholarsofSiu-kitWong,AllanChung-hangLoandKwong-taiI盈如,andalthoughthereareseveraltranslatorscontributetothisversion,1willhavetoregardProfessorWongwhoisthechiefoneastheversion’Sauthorinthelateranalysesofmyessaytopreventtheauthorlistfrombeingtoolong.Althoughitisalsoacompletelytranslatedversion,themareonly208pagesavailablewithoutanyglossaryfortermsorindex.IthasbeenSOsimplifiedthatmightbesuitablefortheaveragepeople’Sreadingbutnotfortheprofessionals.Ontheotherhand,Wen砌Diao肠增’SauthorLiuXieusedmanyliterarytermswithobviousChinesecharactersthatdeeplyrootsintheclassicalcultureofChina,whichlargelyenrichedthediscoursesofChina’sliterarytheory.Meanwhile,sinceWenXinDiao动略waswritteninancientChineseparallelprose,thisworkswithdistinctsyntacticstructuresdiffersfromEnglish,andevenfrommodemChinese.Thusboththetermsandthestructuresbecomea‘hugechallengefortranslatorstotranslatethem.Soinmyessay,1willbefocusonthetranslationoftheword“ShenSi"勰adistincttermandseveraltypicalsyntacticstructuresinthefourEnglish2versionsseparatelybythescholarsofStephenOwen,YangGuobin,Siu-kitWong,andV'mcentYu-ChungShin,withtheviewofdeconstructiontranslationtheorytofindoutthathowtotranslatesuchdistinctelementswithoutculturallossaspossibleandwhatconflictsareintheprocessofthetermexperiencingbringtranslated,madthemodemChin骼eversiondependsmainlyupontheWenXinDiao肋略YiZhu(‘文心雕蘸霹注:})byZhouZhenfu(厨振甫).1.2AssumptionsAsthekeywordofdeconstructivetheory,“diff爸rance”wascreatedbyFrenchphilosopherJacquesDerridawhoistherepresentativeofFrenchdcconstructioniststoagainst‘‘Loges’’whichmeal埝word,logic,uuth,thought,reasonandSOon,existingastheabsoluteoenterandreasonintheworld笛true罄God,alsoasmetaphysicasGod’SbeingsincetheperiodofPlatoandasthecorewordoftheentirewesterntraditionalphilosophy.Withtheimpactof“Logos’’’inthefiddoftraditionaltranslationtheory,aseriesofoppositionsarebuiltupsuchasauthor/translator,originaltext/translatedtext,toillustratethatatranslatorandhis/hertranslationshouldSa'VetOtheoriginalwriterandhis/herworkswhichstandhi.曲abovetheformerpair.Asthecenter奶nlclasses,originaltextandauthorbecomeauthority,whiletranslationversionsandtranslatorsaletheirservants.SoDen'idacreated—diff爸rance竹todcconstructsuchaoenter,丛hesaidthat:‘‘Differance,thedisappearanceofanyoriginarypresence,isatoncetheconditionofpossibilityandtheconditionofimpossibilityoftruth'-'(Dcrrida,1981:I68).Thushefeltthatlanguagewasinadequatetoprovideaclearaviewofreality.Andtheconflictbetweenmeaning’sabsenceandlanguage’Stryingtopresentitisinevitabl6ineverypieceofwriting,whichrevealsthedeepdehiscenceinthefoundationofthewesterncivilizations,culturesandcreations.Hayingintroducedthedeconstmctivetheoryintranslationrealm,whatwefocusonturnsintothesymbioticrelationshipbetweenoriginaltextandtranslationtext.Asthematteroffact,witllthedeconstructiveprospective,theaimoftranslationisnotmerelytopursuethecommonthingsanymore,butbetweenthetwoormore3languages,fordifferences.Sincethedeconstructionofthecenter,intranslation’Sarea,thepositionoforiginaltextandtheauthorhavealsobeendeconstructed,.andthestatusofmmslatorsandtheirtranslationworkshavebeenraisedup.Translatorandhis/herworksa他nolongerataninferiorplacebutequalto,orevenhigherthantheoriginals.BecausebasedOntheconclusionofVenuti,anothergreatscholarindeconstrucfivetheory,textsonlymeanbytranslation,andthosetranslationsfnaketheoriginalspossibletobetransplantedinanotherlanguageandanotherdiscoursesystem,thenbecomeapartofthelatterandgetitsafter-lifeeventually.Astheresultofdiff色rance'splaying,theinterpretationforall耐giIlaltextmovesamongtranslalomwhoholdtheirownunderstandingonit.Hencethetext’Smeaningcannotbepresentthoroughly,andwhatwegetarejustthemeaning’Stracesfromatranslationtoanothertranslationdisseminatingineachofversionandalsoamongversions.Basedonthestudyofthedeconstructiontranslationtheorywiththefourstrategi静--differance,trace,supplement,anddisseminationonthefourEnglishversionsof‘'WenXinDiaoLong.ShenSi",thisthesisholdsthemainassumptionsasthefollowing:..1.Accordingly,thestrategyofdifferancemoansthat:“Everyconceptisinscribedinachainorinasystemwithinwhichitreferstotheother,to.otherconcepts,bymeansofthesystematicplayofdifferences”(citedinDa、,is2004:13),thatistosay,aword’Smeaningdoesn’talwaysexistinacertainsymbol,whileitdisseminatesinasystemofendlesssymbolchains,anditishardtobecaughtoridentifiedinacertainconcretesymb01.Sothemeaningsinthetermsandsentenceswi吐ldistinctCheeseculturalelementsselected丘Dm“WenXinDiaoLong.ShenSi”shouldbedifferedanddeferredbytranslatorstoprotectthemfromlosing.2.Derridaoncesaid:"Thereareonly,everywhere,differencesandtracesoftraces”(Derrid岛1978:76).Hencewiththestrategyoftrace,eachsignifier,ifitmeansanytb吐nameansasaresultofdifferencefromavirtuallyinfinitenumberofothersignifiers.Theseothersignifiersarenotpresent,buttheyarenotcompletelyabsenteither,becauseoftheirhelpofbuildingupwh姗ermeansthegivensignifiertakesOil.Andthisisthetrace,akindofresiduesofalloftheothermeaningsthatany4givensignifierdoesnotappeartohave,butwhichitd印endsonforitsownmeaning.Therefore,inthecaseofthetranslationofthetermsandsentencesin‘'WenXinDiaoLong,ShenSi”,everysingletranslationOrversionisbynomeanstheself-sufficientpresence,buteachoftherncans@rveasatrac冶oftheabsentoriginalmeaning.3.Movingontothecaseofsupplementstrategyinthetranslationofthetermsandsentencessdcctedfrom“WenXinDiaoLong.ShenSi’'’translatorsshouldtrytoadoptfootnotes,indexandSOonseveringasthesupplementfortheirtranslation,meanwhile,everytranslationversionisthesupplementfortheo矗gillalandotherversionsaccordingtoDen'ida’Stheorythatthesupplement,whichissomethingthataddstoanotherthing,whilenotbeingpartofit,cansupplythesignifier.4.Sincethewordsin"WenYAhDiaoLong.ShenSi"sometimespo硫tooneconceptbutsometimesonewordpointstovariousconnotations,themeaningsoftheminthetranslationversionsaledisseminatedlikese燃lsthroughdifferencesofeachtranslator’sdealing丽t11andtherebyconstructtheeschatologicalpresenceoftheoriginalonthebasisofDerrida’ssayingthat:"Textualitybeingconstitutedbydifferencesandbydifferencesfromdifferences,itisbynatureabsolutelyheterogeneousandisconstantlycomposing、Ⅳiththeforcesthattendtoannihilateit"(Derrida,1981:98).1.3Methodologi懿First,closereadingisapproachedinreadingtheoriginaltext,kindsofauthoritativeresearchesinmodemChineseandthefourtranslationtextsinEn。
glish.Second,textualanalysisisalsousedinthisthesistoanalyzedistinctculturalelements’changesfromSOUgcelanguagetotargetlanguageintranslation.Next,themostmethodologiesadoptedbytheessayisJacquesDerrida’sfourstrategiesofdecomtructionusedintranslationthcozy:.differance,trace,dissemination,andsupplement.1.4Contribution1.TherehavebeennumerousstudiesonWen)finDiao历馏and‘'WenXinDiao5Long.ShenSi"’butfewfocusesonitstranslation,80thisisthefirstattempttoanalyzetheEnglishversionsof‘'WenXinDiaoLong.ShenSi”indetail、ⅣiⅡltheperspectiveofdeconstructivetranslationtheory..2.Inthethesis,throughcomparingthefourEnglishversions,theauthorcontributestoprovethevalidityofthefourdeconstructivestrategiesintranslatingthoseuniqueancientChineseliteraryteTin8anddistinctsyntacticsentencestructures,bywhichChirlff30c锄1(m圆cangetintowesternliterarysystemandatthesametime,theterms’80ur∞identityandcharacteristicsa聆keptfromlosing,.thencanreaLlycommunicatewithwest锄literarysystem.6Chapter2TheTranslationoftheTerm“ShenSi"intheFourEnglishVersionsAccordingtothedeconstmctivetranslationtheory,thereisunlikelyacertaill,stabletranslationforanoriginaltext.AndconsideringthatancientChineseliterarytermsareseldombeenexactlyclarifiedbutoftenmaketheirreadersgetthemeaningsj坂的mthecontext,thusitishardtotranslateanancientChineseliteraryterm’Sconnotationswhicharedeferredanddisseminatedinthetext.AsthekeywordinthispassageofWenXinDiaoLong,“Sh,nSi”thetermis谢mplentyofcomplexconnotationsreferringtoimagination,artisticconc研,tion,thinking,thinkinginimagesandfVenthewholeprocessofone’SphronetalactivityormentalstateinliterarycreatingandSOon,withalongdcvdopmenthistoryofChineseliterarytraditionbehind.Moreover,sincethisterm“ShcnSi’’existsonlyinChill髓eliterarytheorysystem,itisdiffi∞lttousejustoileEnglishwordtotranslate,orinterpretitwithoutanylossofitsconnotations、玑thculturaltradition.Soitbecomesimportanttoinvestigatethedealing诵mitstranslationinthefourdifferentEnglishversionsscparatdybythescholars:StephenOwen,YangGuobin,V'mcentYu-ChungShin,andSiu-kitWong..Anddep铋dinguponthescholarZhouZhenfu’S(周振甫)writinginhisworks,“ShenSi’isthought,01"thinking'’(周振甫,2006:404)1.AndaprofessionalaestheticworksMeiXueFanChouGaiLun(《美学范畴概论》)withdefinitionsandinterpretationsOilseveralancientChineseaesthetictermsclarifies‘‘ShenSi’’as:“ShenSiisakindofmagical,orsubtlethought.Risauniquenameforimagethinkingcalledbyancientpeopleinourcountry.AndtheancientpeopleusuallynamedthespecialspiritactivitiesinartisticcreationasShenSi.Soinfact,itmeanstheartisticthinkingprocessinwhichartistsobserve,composeandexpress”(裼成寅,1991:1137)z,alsotheChineseexpertinthestudyofWenXinDiao幻,眵ZhanY'mg(詹貘)indicatedinhisworkswithacomprehensivesaying:“Havingcolligatedthequotationsofmaterialsandexplanationsabove,itcanbeprovedthat:‘ShenSi’,011onehand,pointstotheconcentratedcompositionthinkingintheprocessofmarion,and‘Shen’hereequalstotheSheninthecontextof‘'XingDaoShenLai”(具到神柬),whichisGanXing(感典),similarlytothemodernsaying0ninspiration;Ontheotherhand,alsoitmeansakindofthinking,ormentalconsiderationthatcanmovewithoutlimitationinapowerfulandunconstrainedstyle,andwhichisjusttheimagination,similarlytothemodernsayingaboutimagethinking"(詹镆,1999:975)3.Thuscomprehensivelyspeaking,thescholarsmentionedmanyaspootsof“ShenSi"suchasthought,imagethinking,imagination,inspiration,andSOon,butwhentranslating,itisinevitabletofacesuch’aquestion:whichconceptandpo砒ofviewshouldbefollowed?Consideringtheliteraryterm’Soriginalcreationauthority,LieXie's●intc掣ctationinhisarticlemustbethebestoneforUSto纵幻略s"ShenSi”.Asthematteroffact,thewholepassageisjustthecompleteexplanationfor‘‘ShenSi”,andasforthedefinition,itmainlyappearsintheopeningpartofthispassage.Attheriskofsoundingtoosimplistic,inmyp0洫ofview,thedefinitionof“ShenSi”isabletobesummarizedinthesixlevelsaSfollowing:First,itinvolvestheactivitiesofartisticimaginingandthinkinginimag够,withthequotationfromZhuangZi’S(薤子)sayingthat:“形在江海之上,心存魏朗之下”emphasizingthatone'smental觚帅canflyveryfarawaybeyondtherestrainofspaceandtime.Andthisisakindofmentalfunctionofhumanbeings.。