各大时态的被动语态讲解解析

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,We should move from”,Made,in China”to“,Created,in China”,from“China speed“to“China quality”,“from“Chinese products”to“Chinese brands”.,被动语态,The Passive Voice,被动语态基本用法,当句子的,主语,是动作的,执行者,时，谓语的形式是,主动语态,当句子的主语是动作的,承受者,时，谓语要用,被动语态,被动语态由助动词,be+,过去分词,构成，时态通过,be,表现出来一,、,运用被动语态的情景,1.,讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者,(,这时可省,by,短语,),My bike,was stolen,last night.,2.,借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者I,was given,ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.,3.,为了更好地安排句子,The well-known person,got on,the bus and,was,immediately,recognized,by people.,（一个主语就够了）,His brother washes bowls every day,.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),Bowls,are,washed,by,his,brother,every,day,.,改为被动语态,They play football on Sunday.,Lucy does the homework in the evening.,They often use computers in class.,We make these machines in Beilun.,People speak English as the first language in UK.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beilun.,English is spoken as the first language in UK.,你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？,1.,They,make,shoes,in that factory.,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,Shoes,are made,(by them)in that factory.,一般现在时：,S(,主语）,+am/is/are +,过去分词,变为被动语态,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday,.,They built the tall building last year.,He took good care of his little brother yesterday.,We cleaned our classroom just now.,They used this room for resting.,They planted many trees years ago.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,Many trees were planted by them years ago.,2.,They,bought,ten computers,last term,Ten computers,were bought,(,by them,)last term.,一般过去时：,S+was/were+,过去分词,Tom will clean the room tomorrow,.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,We will have a sports meeting next week.,Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.,The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring.,Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.,The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.,3.,They,will,finish,the work,in ten days.,The work,will be finished,(,by them,),in ten days.,一般将来时：,S+will+be+,过去分词,4,Amy,can take good care of,Gina,Gina,can be taken good care of,by Amy.,情态动词：,S+can/may/must/should+be+,过去分词,1.He can take care of the baby.,2.Lucy may draw the pictures.,3.You must turn off the lights.,4.They should learn English well.,5.Jim could do it yesterday,.,The baby,can be taken,care of by him.,The picture,may be drawn,by Lucy.,The lights,must be turned off,by you.,English,should be learned,well by them.,It,could be done,by Jim yesterday.,归纳总结方法,把主动语态变为被动语态可按“,一变、二套、三注意,”来进行。

即：,一变,-,把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语 改为被动语态的介词,by,的宾语二套,-,根据原句的时态套用相应的时态三注意,-,注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题例如：,Many people,speak,English.,English by many people.,He,washed,his shoes yesterday.,His shoes by him yesterday.,is spoken,were washed,练习：,1.Many people speak English.,2.They made computers in the U.S.A.,3.People used knives for cutting things.,4.People used metal for making machines.,5.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.,6.They speak English in Canada.,7.They write business letters in English.,8.They grow rice in South China.,9.They plant many trees in North China.,10.Lu Xun wrote this book.,11.The workers built some bridges.,12.We can use the box as a table.,13.We should clean the classroom every day,下列时态的被动语态构成,1.Lucy is watering the trees.,2.The boy was mending his bike.,3.We have finished our compositions.,看一看 想一想,Some workers,are painting,the rooms,now,The rooms,are being painted,by some workers,now.,现在进行时：,S+am/is/are+being+,过去分词,I,was doing,my homework,at 8:00 last night,My homework,was being done,(,by me,)at 8:00 last night.,过去进行时：,S+was/were+being+,过去分词,We,have made,twenty more keys,Twenty more keys,have been made,by us,.,现在完成时：,S+have/has+been+,过去分词,各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表,时 态,主动语态,被动语态,1,一般现在时,do/does,am,/,is,/,are,+,过去分词,2,一般过去时,did,was,/,were,+,过去分词,3,一般将来时,will/be going to+,动词原形,will/be going to+,be,+,过去分词,4,过去将来时,would+,动词原形,would+,be,+,过去分词,5,现在进行时,am/is/are+,现在分词,am/is/are+,being,+,过去分词,6,过去进行时,was/were+,现在分词,was/were+,being,+,过去分词,7,现在完成时,have/has+,过去分词,have/has+,been,+,过去分词,8,过去完成时,had+,过去分词,had+,been,+,过去分词,9,含情态动词,情态动词,+,动词原形,情态动词,+,be,+,过去分词,被动语态中的特殊情况,1.,不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。

e.g.The students listen,to,the teacher carefully in,class.,被动句：,The teacher,is listened to,carefully by the,students in class.,e.g.They look,after,the new students in the school,.,被动句：,The new students,are looked after,by,them in the school.,1).Parents always,look after,their children carefully.,Children,are,always,looked after,carefully.,2).She will,turn off,the light after class.,The light,will be turned off,after class,3).She,listened to,the teachers carefully sometimes.,The teachers,were,listened to,carefully sometimes.,2.,当动词带有复合宾语,(,有宾补,),并且宾补是省去“,to”,的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加“,to”,e.g.They,make us do,all the work.,被动句：,We,are made,to,do all the work by them.,e.g.We often,hear her sing,songs.,被动句：,She,is often heard,to,sing,songs by us.,e.g.I,saw him walk,to school.,被动句：,He,was seen,to,walk to school by me.,特别提示：,一些使役动词,(let,have,make,等,),或感观动词,(see,hear,watch,中后面接的动词不定式不带,to,，但改为被动时，要补上,to,。

记忆口诀,：,“,使感动词,”,真奇怪，,to,在句中像妖怪，主动语态,to,走开，被动语态,to,回来),使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表,主动语态,被动语态,使役动词,make sb.,do,sth.,sb.be made,to do,sth.,have sb.,do,sth.,sb.be had,to do,sth.,let sb.,do,sth.,sb.be let,to do,sth.,感观动词,see sb.,do,sth.,sb.be seen,to do,sth.,watch sb.,do,sth.,sb.be watched,to do,sth.,hear sb.,do,sth.,sb.be heard,to do,sth.,notice sb.,do,sth.,sb.be noticed,to do,sth.,go,The boss,makes,the workers,work,18 hours a day.,The workers,are made,to,work,18 hours a day by the boss.,I,saw,him,enter,the house.,He,was seen,to enter,the house by me.,The teacher,let,them,leave,the classroom after class.,They,were let,to leave,the classroom by the teacher after class.,We,hear,her,sing,in the room every day.,She,is heard,to sing,in the room every day.,注意,当使用,see/hear/watch sb.doing sth.,时，变为被动语态时，,doing,保持不变。

如：,I saw him,going,into the shop.(,主动,),He,was seen,going,into the shop.(,被动,),3.,当动词带双宾语时,(,一个宾语是指人，一个是指物,),，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；,如是将指,物,的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指,人,宾语前应,加“,to”,或“,for”,e.g.He,gives me a flower,everyday.,被动,1 I,am given a flower,by him everyday.,被动,2 A flower,is given to me,by him everyday.,e.g.My mother,bought me a computer,.,被动,1,I was bought a computer,by my mother.,被动,2 A computer,was bought for me,by my,mother.,1.He passed me some paper.,I was passed some paper by him.,Some paper was passed,to,me by him.,2.He bought me a present for my birthday.,I was bought a present by him for my birthday.,A present,was bought,for,me for my birthday,by him.,3.They have given me some good advice.,I have been given some good advice.,Some good advice has been given,to,me.,练习：,将下列句子变为被动句。

1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully.,Li Leis father is listened to carefully by Li Lei.,2.The mother looked after the baby in the room.,The baby was looked after by the mother in the room.,3.We took care of the things.,The things were taken care of by us.,4.They gave us some work.,We were given some work by them.,Some work was given to us by them.,5.The boy made them laugh all the time.,They were made to laugh all the time by the boy.,6.My mother buys me a bike.,A bike is bought for me by my mother.,I am bought a bike by my mother.,1.People use knives for cutting things.,Knives _ _ for cutting things.,2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.,The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(,变被动语态）,5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.,He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.,6.Now people can use computers to help them.,Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,3.I found the ticket on the floor.,_ _ _ _ on the floor.,4.I told her to return the book in time.,She _ _ to return the book in time.,The,ticket,was,found,was,told,9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.,1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.,2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we,were,given,were,given to us,7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?,_ _ _ _ at this time last time?,8.Must we finish our work today?,_ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must,be,finished,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.,Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.,11.In this factory women do most of the work.,Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days.,The bike _ _ _ in two days.,13.You must take this medicine three times a day.,This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students in this school study German.,German _ _ by the students in this school.,15.Do they often talk about this question?,_ this question often _ about _ _?,is,studied,Is,talked,by them,Homework:,1.He cleans the classroom everyday.,2.They finished their homework.,3.I can mend his bike.,4.She will buy ten books tomorrow.,5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.,6.The old man often makes us laugh.,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：,一般过去时：,情态动词：,一般将来时：,现在进行时：,现在完成时：,过去进行时：,S+am/is/are+done,S+was/were+done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+will+be+done,S+am/is/are+being+done,S+have/has+been+done,S+was/were+being+done,。