眼科检查-教学课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二层,,第三层,,第四层,,第五层,,*,*,*,眼科检查,,Examination of the eye,,,,12/12/2024,1,,,第一节 病史采集,Collection of patient’s history,,,一、病史,patient’s history,,1．一般情况,general information,,2．主诉,the chief history,,3．现病史,present history,,4．过去病史,past history,,5．生活史或家族史,,,life history and family history,,12/12/2024,2,,二．病症 subjective feelings,,,1. 视力障碍 disturbance of vision,,,2. 感觉异常 abnormal feeling,,,3. 外观异常 abnormal appearances,12/12/2024,3,,各种类型的视力下降,一过性,,突然，无眼疼,,逐渐，无眼疼,,突然伴眼疼,,视力下降，眼部无异常,,突然发现的视力下降,,12/12/2024,4,,第二节 视功能检查,Examination of visual function,12/12/2024,5,,一 、 视力,视力〔visual acuity〕又称视锐度 ，是眼球固视时对固视点的形觉分辨能力，主要反映黄斑的视功能。

视角〔visual angle〕,,视力检查中所用的视力表，是根据分视角原理制成的视力的记录方法V=d/D，V为视力，d为实际看见某视标的距离，D为正常眼应能看见该视标的距离12/12/2024,6,视力记录法：,,小数法，分数法 1m,,指数〔counting fingers, CF〕 5cm,,手动〔hand motions, HM〕,,光感〔light perception, LP〕 5m 1m,,,近视力检查,,,小儿视力检查法：,,选择观看法,,视动性眼震,,遮盖法,,电生理检查,+++,,+++,,+++,12/12/2024,7,,二. 视野,Visual field,弧形视野计,perimeter,,平面视野计,tangent screen,,12/12/2024,8,,12/12/2024,9,,三. 色觉,,Color sensation,,假同色图,,,pseudoisochromatic plates,,12/12/2024,10,四. 暗适应,,Dark adaptation,,12/12/2024,11,,五. 视觉电生理,Visual electrophysiological examination,,眼电图,electroculogram (EOG),,视网膜电图,electroretinogram (ERG),,视觉诱发电位,,,visual evoked potential (VEP),,12/12/2024,12,,第三节 眼部检查,,Examination of the eye,,一. 眼附属器检查,12/12/2024,13,,12/12/2024,14,,二. 眼球前段检查,,12/12/2024,15,,三. 裂隙灯显微镜检查,Examination with slit –lamp microscope,,12/12/2024,16,,四. 前房角镜检查,Gonioscopy,,12/12/2024,17,,五. 眼压测量,,Tonometry,,12/12/2024,18,,六. 检眼镜检查,,Ophthalmoscopy,,12/12/2024,19,,12/12/2024,20,,眼底荧光血管造影,,Fundus,,fluorescein,angiography (FFA),,12/12/2024,21,,12/12/2024,22,,影象学检查,,The examination of,imageology,,12/12/2024,23,,。